强单极laser场中的相对论电子自旋动力学
Relativistic electron spin dynamics in a strong unipolar laser field
摘要：
分析了电子自旋与线偏振激光场相互作用的行为。与以前考虑的问题相比，电子的初始状态代表一个局部的波包，并为激光脉冲引入了空间包络，这使得人们可以考虑两个物体的有限尺寸。特别注意超短脉冲具有高度的单极性。在一个经典的治疗（非相对论和相对论），电子自旋投影和脉冲的电场面积的变化之间的比例关系清楚地表明。我们还根据狄拉克方程计算了电子自旋动力学。演化的电子波函数的时间，我们计算的自旋算符的平均值在各种形式。结果表明，经典的相对论预测准确地再现时，使用的Foldy-Wouthuysen运营商。当在粒子的静止坐标系中使用洛伦兹变换和非相对论性（泡利）自旋算符时，得到了相同的结果。
英文摘要：
The behavior of an electron spin interacting with a linearly polarized laser field is analyzed. In contrast to previous considerations of the problem, the initial state of the electron represents a localized wave packet, and a spatial envelope is introduced for the laser pulse, which allows one to take into account the finite size of both objects. Special attention is paid to ultrashort pulses possessing a high degree of unipolarity. Within a classical treatment (both nonrelativistic and relativistic), proportionality between the change of the electron spin projections and the electric field area of the pulse is clearly demonstrated. We also perform calculations of the electron spin dynamics according to the Dirac equation. Evolving the electron wave function in time, we compute the mean values of the spin operator in various forms. It is shown that the classical relativistic predictions are accurately reproduced when using the Foldy-Wouthuysen operator. The same results are obtained when using the Lorentz transformation and the nonrelativistic (Pauli) spin operator in the particle's rest frame.
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