We quantify the distribution of [OIII]+H$β$ line strengths at z$\simeq$7 using a sample of 20 bright (M$_{\mathrm{UV}}$ $\lesssim$ $-$21) galaxies. We select these systems over wide-area fields (2.3 deg$^2$ total) using a new colour-selection which precisely selects galaxies at z$\simeq$6.63$-$6.83, a redshift range where blue Spitzer/IRAC [3.6]$-$[4.5] colours unambiguously indicate strong [OIII]$+$H$β$ emission. These 20 galaxies suggest a log-normal [OIII]$+$H$β$ EW distribution with median EW = 759$^{+112}_{-113}$ $\mathrm{\mathring{A}}$ and standard deviation = 0.26$^{+0.06}_{-0.05}$ dex. We find no evidence for strong variation in this EW distribution with UV luminosity. The typical [OIII]+H$β$ EW at z$\simeq$7 implied by our sample is considerably larger than that in massive star forming galaxies at z$\simeq$2, consistent with a shift toward larger average sSFR (4.4 Gyr$^{-1}$) and lower metallicities (0.16 Z$_\odot$). We also find evidence for the emergence of a population with yet more extreme nebular emission ([OIII]+H$β$ EW$>$1200 $\mathrm{\mathring{A}}$) that is rarely seen at lower redshifts. These objects have extremely large sSFR ($>$30 Gyr$^{-1}$), as would be expected for systems undergoing a burst or upturn in star formation. While this may be a short-lived phase, our results suggest that 20% of the z$\simeq$7 population has such extreme nebular emission, implying that galaxies likely undergo intense star formation episodes regularly at z$>$6. We argue that this population may be among the most effective ionizing agents in the reionization era, both in terms of photon production efficiency and escape fraction. We furthermore suggest that galaxies passing through this large sSFR phase are likely to be very efficient in forming bound star clusters.
We present Keck/MOSFIRE spectra of the diagnostic nebular emission lines [OIII]5007,4959, [OII]3727, and H-beta for a sample of 15 redshift z=3.1-3.7 Ly-alpha emitters (LAEs) and Lyman break galaxies (LBGs). In conjunction with spectra from other surveys, we confirm earlier indications that LAEs have a much higher [OIII]/[OII] line ratio than is seen in similar redshift LBGs. By comparing their distributions on a [OIII]/[OII] versus R23 diagram, we demonstrate that this difference cannot arise solely because of their lower metallicities but most likely is due to a harder ionizing spectrum. Usi…
The [OIII] 88 $μ$m fine structure emission line has been detected into the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) from star-forming galaxies at redshifts $6 < z \lesssim 9$ with ALMA. These measurements provide valuable information regarding the properties of the interstellar medium (ISM) in the highest redshift galaxies discovered thus far. The [OIII] 88 $μ$m line observations leave, however, a degeneracy between the gas density and metallicity in these systems. Here we quantify the prospects for breaking this degeneracy using future ALMA observations of the [\oiii] 52 $μ$m line. Among the current set o…
We study statistics of the 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization. We propose to use [OIII] line emitting galaxies to cross-correlate with the 21-cm signal from $z = 7 - 10$. To this aim, we employ simulations of reionization obtained post-processing the high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulation Massive Black-II with the three-dimensional (3D) radiative transfer code CRASH to follow the propagation of ionizing photons from a variety of sources. We show that, during the early phases of reionization, the 21-cm signal is positively correlated with the spatial distribution of the […
Galaxies in the reionization-era have been shown to have prominent [OIII]+H$β$ emission. Little is known about the gas conditions and radiation field of this population, making it challenging to interpret the spectra emerging at $z\gtrsim6$. Motivated by this shortcoming, we have initiated a large MMT spectroscopic survey identifying rest-frame optical emission lines in 227 intense [OIII] emitting galaxies at $1.3<z<2.4$. This sample complements the MOSDEF and KBSS surveys, extending to much lower stellar masses ($10^7-10^8 M_\odot$) and larger specific star formation rates ($5-300$ Gyr$^{-1}$…
Recent work has suggested extreme [OIII] emitting star-forming galaxies are important to reionization. Relatedly, [OIII]/[OII] has been put forward as an indirect estimator of the Lyman Continuum (LyC) escape fraction ($f_{esc}$) at $z\gtrsim4.5$ when the opaque IGM renders LyC photons unobservable. Using deep archival U-band (VLT/VIMOS) imaging of a recently confirmed overdensity at $z\sim3.5$ we calculate tight constraints on $f_{esc}$ for a sample (N=73) dominated by extreme [OIII] emitters. We find no Lyman Continuum signal ($f_{esc}^{rel} < 6.3^{+0.7}_{-0.7} \%$ at $1σ$) in a deep U-band …
With the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA), we report detections of the far-infrared (FIR) [OIII] 88 $μ$m line and the underlying dust continuum in the two quasars in the reionization epoch, J205406.48-000514.8 (hereafter J2054-0005) at $z=6.0391\pm0.0002$ and J231038.88+185519.7 (hereafter J2310+1855) at $z=6.0035\pm0.0007$. The [OIII] luminosity of J2054-0005 and J2310+1855 are $L_{\rm [OIII]} = (6.8\pm0.6) \times 10^{9}$ and $(2.4\pm0.6) \times 10^{9}$ $L_{\rm \odot}$, corresponding to $\approx$ 0.05\%\ and 0.01\%\ of the total infrared luminosity, $L_{\rm TIR}$, respecti…
We make use of \textit{JWST} medium and broad-band NIRCam imaging, along with ultra-deep MIRI $5.6 \rm μm$ imaging, in the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field (XDF) to identify prominent line emitters at $z\simeq 7-8$. Out of a total of 58 galaxies at $z\simeq 7-8$, we find 18 robust candidates ($\simeq$31\%) for (H$β$ + [OIII]) emitters, based on their enhanced fluxes in the F430M and F444W filters, with EW$_{0}$(H$β$ +[OIII]) $\simeq 87 - 2100$ Å. Among these emitters, 16 lie in the MIRI coverage area and 12 exhibit a clear flux excess at $5.6 \, \rm μm$, indicating the simultaneous presence of a prom…
Spectroscopic observations of massive $z>7$ galaxies selected to have extremely large [OIII]+H$β$ equivalent width (EW $\sim1500$ Å) have recently revealed large Ly$α$ detection rates, in contrast to the weak emission seen in the general population. Why these systems are uniquely visible in Ly$α$ at redshifts where the IGM is likely significantly neutral is not clear. With the goal of better understanding these results, we have begun a campaign with MMT and Magellan to measure Ly$α$ in galaxies with similar [OIII]+H$β$ EWs at $z\simeq2-3$. At these redshifts, the IGM is highly ionized, allowin…
JWST ASPIRE: How Did Galaxies Complete Reionization? Evidence for Excess IGM Transmission around ${\rm [O\,{\scriptstyle III}]}$ Emitters during Reionization
We forecast the ability of future-generation experiments to detect the fine-structure lines of the carbon and oxygen ions, [CII] and [OIII] in intensity mapping (IM) from the Epoch of Reionization ($z \sim 6-8$). Combining the latest empirically derived constraints relating the luminosity of the [OIII] line to the ambient star-formation rate, and using them in conjunction with previously derived estimates for the abundance of [CII] in haloes, we predict the expected auto-correlation IM signal to be observed using new experiments based on the Fred Young Submillimetre Telescope (FYST) and the ba…
Recent observations have revealed the presence of strong CIII] emission (EW$_{\rm{CIII]}}>20$ Å) in $z>6$ galaxies, the origin of which remains unclear. In an effort to understand the nature of these line emitters, we have initiated a survey targeting CIII] emission in gravitationally-lensed reionization era analogs identified in HST imaging of clusters from the RELICS survey. Here we report initial results on four galaxies selected to have low stellar masses (2-8$\times$10$^7$ M$_\odot$) and J$_{125}$-band flux excesses indicative of intense [OIII]+H$β$ emission (EW$_{\rm{[OIII]+Hβ}}$=500-200…
Using a large sample of sub-L$_*$ galaxies, with similar UV magnitudes, M$_{\rm UV}\simeq -19$ at $z\simeq6$, extracted from the FirstLight simulations, we show the diversity of galaxies at the end of the reionization epoch. We find a factor $\sim$40 variation in the specific star-formation rate (sSFR). This drives a $\sim$1 dex range in equivalent width of the [OIII]$λ$5007 line. Variations in nebular metallicity and ionization parameter within HII regions lead to a scatter in the equivalent widths and [OIII]/H$α$ line ratio at a fixed sSFR. [OIII]-bright emitters ([OIII]/H$α$>1) have higher …
Strong [OIII]$λλ$4959,5007+H$β$ emission appears to be typical in star-forming galaxies at z > 6.5. As likely contributors to cosmic reionization, these galaxies and the physical conditions within them are of great interest. At z > 6.5, where Ly$α$ is greatly attenuated by the intergalactic medium, rest-UV metal emission lines provide an alternative measure of redshift and also constraints on the physical properties of star-forming regions and massive stars. We present the first statistical sample of rest-UV line measurements in z $\sim$ 2 galaxies selected as analogs of those in the reionizat…
Reionization-era galaxies tend to exhibit weak Ly$α$ emission, likely reflecting attenuation from an increasingly neutral IGM. Recent observations have begun to reveal exceptions to this picture, with strong Ly$α$ emission now known in four of the most massive z=7$-$9 galaxies in the CANDELS fields, all of which also exhibit intense [OIII]$+$H$β$ emission (EW$>$800 $\mathrm{\mathring{A}}$). To better understand why Ly$α$ is anonymously strong in a subset of massive z$\simeq$7$-$9 galaxies, we have initiated an MMT/Binospec survey targeting a larger sample (N=22) of similarly luminous ($\simeq$…
We discuss the rest-frame optical emission line spectra of a large (~50) sample of z=3.1 Lyman alpha emitters (LAEs) whose physical properties suggest such sources are promising analogs of galaxies in the reionization era. Reliable Lyman continuum escape fractions have now been determined for a large sample of such LAEs from the Lyman Continuum Escape Survey (LACES) undertaken via deep HST imaging in the SSA22 survey area reported in Fletcher et al. (2019). Using new measures of [OII] emission secured from Keck MOSFIRE spectra we re-examine, for a larger sample, earlier claims that Lyman conti…
ALMA observations of $z>6$ galaxies have revealed abnormally high [OIII]$_{\rm 88μm}$/[CII]$_{\rm 158μm}$ ratios and [CII]$_{\rm 158μm}$ deficits compared to local galaxies. Numerous solutions have been proposed including differences in C and O abundance ratios, observational bias, and differences in ISM properties. In order to elucidate the underlying physics that drives this high-redshift phenomenon, we employ SPHINX$^{20}$, a state-of-the-art, cosmological radiation-hydrodynamics simulation, that resolves detailed ISM properties of thousands of galaxies in the epoch of reionization. We find…
Deep spectroscopy of galaxies in the reionization-era has revealed intense CIII] and CIV line emission (EW $>15-20$ Å). In order to interpret the nebular emission emerging at $z>6$, we have begun targeting rest-frame UV emission lines in galaxies with large specific star formation rates (sSFRs) at $1.3<z<3.7$. We find that CIII] reaches the EWs seen at $z>6$ only in large sSFR galaxies with [OIII]+H$β$ EW $>1500$ Å. In contrast to previous studies, we find that many galaxies with intense [OIII] have weak CIII] emission (EW $=5-8$ Å), suggesting that the radiation field associated with young st…
The James Webb Space Telescope will provide deep imaging and spectroscopy for sources at redshifts above 6, covering the Epoch of Reionization (EoR, 6 < z < 10). The Mid-IR instrument (MIRI) integral field spectrograph (MRS) will be the only instrument on board JWST able to observe the brightest optical emission lines H$α$ and [OIII]0.5007$μ$m at redshifts above 7 and 9, respectively. This paper presents a study of the H$α$ fluxes predicted by FIRSTLIGHT cosmological simulations for galaxies at redshifts of 6.5 to 10.5, and its detectability with MIRI. Deep (40 ks) spectroscopic integrations w…
We present observations of [NII] 205 $μ$m, [OIII] 88 $μ$m and dust emission in a strongly-lensed, submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at $z=6.0$, G09.83808, with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). Both [NII] and [OIII] line emissions are detected at $>12σ$ in the 0.8$"$-resolution maps. Lens modeling indicates that the spatial distribution of the dust continuum emission is well characterized by a compact disk with an effective radius of 0.64$\pm$0.02 kpc and a high infrared surface brightness of $Σ_\mathrm{IR}=(1.8\pm0.3)\times10^{12}~L_\odot$ kpc$^{-2}$. This result supports that…
As the James Webb Space Telescope approaches scientific operation, there is much interest in exploring the redshift range beyond that accessible with Hubble Space Telescope imaging. Currently, the only means to gauge the presence of such early galaxies is to age-date the stellar population of systems in the reionisation era. As a significant fraction of $z\simeq7-8$ galaxies are inferred from Spitzer photometry to have extremely intense [OIII] emission lines, it is commonly believed these are genuinely young systems that formed at redshifts $z<10$, consistent with a claimed rapid rise in the s…
We present new observations of sixteen bright ($r=19-21$) gravitationally lensed galaxies at $z\simeq 1-3$ selected from the CASSOWARY survey. Included in our sample is the $z=1.42$ galaxy CSWA-141, one of the brightest known reionization-era analogs at high redshift (g=20.5), with a large sSFR (31.2 Gyr$^{-1}$) and an [OIII]+H$β$ equivalent width (EW$_{\rm{[OIII]+Hβ}}$=730~Å) that is nearly identical to the average value expected at $z\simeq 7-8$. In this paper, we investigate the rest-frame UV nebular line emission in our sample with the goal of understanding the factors that regulate strong…
Direct T_e-based Metallicities of z=2-9 Galaxies with JWST/NIRSpec: Empirical Metallicity Calibrations Applicable from Reionization to Cosmic Noon
University of Kentucky（肯塔基大学）；University of California, Davis（加州大学戴维斯分校）；University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；University of California, Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)（宇宙黎明中心）；Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）
The Multiphase CGM in the Epoch of Reionization: CII and CIV absorbers around [OIII] Emitters
University of Trieste（的里雅斯特大学）；INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste（意大利国家天体物理研究所的里雅斯特天文台）；IFPU - Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe（宇宙基础物理研究所）；Dipartimento di Fisica “Enrico Fermi”, Università di Pisa（比萨大学恩里科·费米物理系）；IUCAA（印度联合大学天体物理中心）；Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca（米兰比可卡大学）；Max-Planck-Institut für Ex
We report the identification of radio (0.144-3 GHz), mid-IR, far-IR, and sub-mm (24-850$μ$m) emission at the position of one of 41 UV-bright (M$_\mathrm{UV}^{}\lesssim-21.25$) $z\simeq6.6-6.9$ Lyman-break galaxy candidates in the 1.5 deg$^2$ COSMOS field. This source, COS-87259, exhibits a sharp flux discontinuity (factor $>$3) between two narrow/intermediate bands at 9450 and 9700 Angstroms and is undetected in all nine bands blueward of 9600 Angstroms, as expected from a Lyman-alpha break at $z\simeq6.8$. The full multi-wavelength (X-ray through radio) data of COS-87529 can be self-consisten…
The evolution of [OIII]$+\rm{H}β$ equivalent width from $\mathbf{z\simeq3-8}$: implications for the production and escape of ionizing photons during reionization
We present the selection, spectroscopic identification, and physical properties of extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) at $3<z<3.7$ aiming at studying physical properties of an analog population of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at the epoch of reionization. The sample is selected based on the excess in the observed Ks broad band flux relative to the best-fit stellar continuum model flux. By applying a 0.3 mag excess as a primary criterion, we select 240 EELG candidates with intense emission lines and estimated observed-frame equivalent width (EW) of $\gtrsim 1000$ angstrom over the UltraVIST…
We present the Ly$α$ luminosity function (LF) derived from 34 Ly$α$ emitters (LAEs) at $z=7.0$ on the sky of $3.1$ deg$^2$, the largest sample compared to those in the literature obtained at a redshift $z\gtrsim7$. The LAE sample is made by deep large-area Subaru narrowband observations conducted by the Cosmic HydrOgen Reionization Unveiled with Subaru (CHORUS) project. The $z=7.0$ Ly$α$ LF of our project is consistent with those of the previous DECam and Subaru studies at the bright and faint ends, respectively, while our $z=7.0$ Ly$α$ LF has uncertainties significantly smaller than those of …
Recent ALMA measurements have revealed bright OIII 88 micron line emission from galaxies during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) at redshifts as large as $z \sim 9$. We introduce an analytic model to help interpret these and other upcoming OIII 88 micron measurements. Our approach sums over the emission from discrete Str$\ddot{\mathrm{o}}$mgren spheres and considers the total volume of ionized hydrogen in a galaxy of a given star-formation rate. We estimate the relative volume of doubly-ionized oxygen and ionized hydrogen and its dependence on the spectrum of ionizing photons. We then calculate…
The James Webb Space Telescope will allow to spectroscopically study an unprecedented number of galaxies deep into the reionization era, notably by detecting [OIII] and H$β$ nebular emission lines. To efficiently prepare such observations, we photometrically select a large sample of galaxies at $z\sim8$ and study their rest-frame optical emission lines. Combining data from the GOODS Re-ionization Era wide-Area Treasury from Spitzer (GREATS) survey and from HST, we perform spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, using synthetic SEDs from a large grid of photoionization models. The deep Spit…
We present FIRE/Gizmo hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations of isolated dark matter halos, two each at the mass of classical dwarf galaxies ($M_{\rm vir} \simeq 10^{10} M_{\odot}$) and ultra-faint galaxies ($M_{\rm vir} \simeq 10^9 M_{\odot}$), and with two feedback implementations. The resultant central galaxies lie on an extrapolated abundance matching relation from $M_{\star} \simeq 10^6$ to $10^4 M_{\odot}$ without a break. Every host is filled with subhalos, many of which form stars. Our dwarfs with $M_{\star} \simeq 10^6 M_{\odot}$ each have 1-2 well-resolved satellites with $M_{\star} = 3-20…
The onset of the {\it JWST}-era provides a much-improved opportunity to characterize the resolved structure of early star forming systems. Previous {\it Spitzer} observations of $z\gtrsim 6$ galaxies revealed the presence of old stars and luminous HII regions (via [OIII]+H$β$ emission), but the poor resolution stunted our ability to map their locations with respect to the star forming regions identified in the rest-UV. In this paper, we investigate the internal structure of 12 of the most luminous $z\simeq 6-8$ galaxies in the EGS field observed with recent {\it JWST}/NIRCam imaging. The syste…
The possibility that star-forming galaxies may leak ionizing photons is at the heart of many present-day studies that investigate the reionization of the Universe. We test this hypothesis on local blue compact dwarf galaxies of very high excitation. We assembled a sample of such galaxies by examining the spectra from Data Releases 7 and 10 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We argue that reliable conclusions cannot be based on strong lines alone, and adopt a strategy that includes important weak lines such as [OI] and the high-excitation HeII and [ArIV] lines. Our analysis is based on purely obs…
We spectroscopically confirmed two narrow-band selected redshift 7.0 Ly$α$ galaxies and studied their restframe UV spectra. The Ly$α$ and other UV nebular lines are very useful to confirm the galactic redshifts and diagnose the different mechanisms driving the ionizing emission. We observed two narrowband-selected $z$=7.0 Ly$α$ candidates in the LAGER Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS) field with IMACS at Magellan telescope and confirmed they are Ly$α$ emitters at $z$=6.924 and 6.931. In one galaxy, we also obtained deep NIR spectroscopy, which yields non-detections of the high-ionization UV nebu…
IRAC-Excess Galaxies in the NIRSpec Wide Survey: physical properties of bright EELGs at $z\sim7$ and implications for Reionization
Liverpool John Moores University（利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学）；Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)（宇宙黎明中心）；University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学）；Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学尼尔斯·玻尔研究所）；Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie（马克斯·普朗克天文学研究所）；University of Wisconsin-Madison（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；NRC Herzberg（赫茨伯格国家研究委员会）
[Abridged] We investigate the physical properties of a Lyman continuum emitter candidate at $z=3.212$ with photometric coverage from $U$ to MIPS 24$μ$m band and VIMOS/VLT and MOSFIRE/Keck spectroscopy. Investigation of the UV spectrum confirms a direct spectroscopic detection of the Lyman continuum emission with $S/N>5$. Non-zero Ly$α$ flux at the systemic redshift and high Lyman-$α$ escape fraction suggest a low HI column density. The weak C and Si low-ionization absorption lines are also consistent with a low covering fraction along the line of sight. The [OIII]$λ\lambda4959,5007+\mathrm{H}β…
Intensity mapping is now becoming a useful tool to study the large-scale structure of the universe through spatial variations in the integrated emission from galaxies and the intergalactic medium. We study intensity mapping of the H-alpha 6563AA, [OIII]5007AA, [OII]3727AA and H-beta 4861AA lines at 0.8<z<5.2. The mean intensities of these four emission lines are estimated using the observed luminosity functions (LFs), cosmological simulations, and the star formation rate density (SFRD) derived from observations at z<5. We calculate the intensity power spectra and consider the foreground contam…
Deep images and near-IR spectra of galaxies in the field of the lensing cluster SMACS J0723.3-7327 were recently taken in the Early Release Observations program of JWST. Among these, two NIRSpec spectra of galaxies at $z=7.7$ and one at $z=8.5$ were obtained, revealing for the first time rest-frame optical emission line spectra of galaxies in the epoch of reionization, including the detection of the important[OIII]4363 auroral line (see JWST PR 2022-035). We present an analysis of the emission line properties of these galaxies, finding that these galaxies have a high excitation (as indicated b…
We investigate spatially-resolved emission-line ratios in a sample of 219 galaxies ($0.6<z<1.3$) detected using the G102 grism on the \emph{Hubble Space Telescope} Wide Field Camera 3, taken as part of the CANDELS Ly$α$ Emission at Reionization (CLEAR) survey, to measure ionization profiles and search for low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGN). We analyze \OIII\ and \Hb\ emission-line maps, enabling us to spatially resolve the \OIIIHb\ emission-line ratio across the galaxies in the sample. We compare the \OIIIHb\ ratio in galaxy centers and outer annular regions to measure ionization grad…
A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): JWST Discovers an Overdensity around a Metal Absorption-selected Galaxy at $z\sim5.5$
We present the first predictions for the $L_{\rm [CII]}$ - SFR relation and [CII] luminosity function (LF) in the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) based on cosmological hydrodynamics simulations using the SIMBA suite plus radiative transfer calculations via SÍGAME. The sample consists of 11,137 galaxies covering halo mass $\log M_{\rm halo}\in$[9, 12.4] $M_\odot$, star formation rate SFR$\in$[0.01, 330] $M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, and metallicity $<Z_{\rm gas}>_{\rm SFR}\in$[0.1, 0.9] $Z_\odot$. The simulated $L_{\rm [CII]}$-SFR relation is consistent with the range observed, but with a spread of $\simeq$…
We present measurements of the linear galaxy bias of H$α$ and [OIII] emission line galaxies (ELGs) for the High Latitude Spectroscopic Survey (HLSS) of Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, using galaxy mocks constructed using semi-analytical model for galaxy formation, {\it Galacticus}, with a large cosmic volume and redshift coverage. We compute the two-point statistics of galaxies in configuration space and measure linear bias within scales of $10\sim50 h^{-1}$Mpc. We adopt different selection algorithms to investigate the impact of the Roman line flux cut, as well as the effect of dust model …
We determine the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ equivalent width (EW) distribution of $1.700<\rm{z}<2.274$ rest-frame UV-selected (M$_{\rm{UV}}<-19$) star-forming galaxies in the GOODS North and South fields. We make use of deep HDUV broadband photometry catalogues for selection and 3D-HST WFC3/IR grism spectra for measurement of line properties. The [OIII]$\lambda5007$ EW distribution allows us to measure the abundance of extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) within this population. We model a log-normal distribution to the [OIII]$\lambda5007$ rest-frame equivalent widths of galaxies in our sample, wit…
Recent work has shown that UV-luminous reionization-era galaxies often exhibit strong Lyman-alpha emission despite being situated at redshifts where the IGM is thought to be substantially neutral. It has been argued that this enhanced Ly$α$ transmission reflects the presence of massive galaxies in overdense regions which power large ionized bubbles. An alternative explanation is that massive galaxies shift more of their Ly$α$ profile to large velocities (relative to the systemic redshift) where the IGM damping wing absorption is reduced. Such a mass-dependent trend is seen at lower redshifts, …
