arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2005.01101physics.soc-phcs.SI
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美国国内航空运输网络研究:2001年至2016年网络拓扑结构的时间演变和鲁棒性

A study of the U.S. domestic air transportation network: Temporal evolution of network topology and robustness from 2001 to 2016

Leonidas Siozos-Rousoulis, Dimitri Robert, Wouter Verbeke

摘要:

美国航空运输网络(ATN)对美国的流动性和运作至关重要。因此,有必要确保其连接良好、高效和稳健。尽管对其拓扑结构进行了广泛的研究,但网络的鲁棒性和耐受性的时间演变在很大程度上仍未被探索。本文基于1996年至2016年的年度航班数据对美国国内ATN进行了时间研究,并使用网络分析来检查9/11事件后重组的影响以及系统的当前状态。通过计算中心性测度来评估系统的拓扑结构及其全局鲁棒性。通过模拟目标攻击场景,采用节点删除方法评估网络的容忍度。研究表明,9/11恐怖袭击引发了网络在效率和安全方面的大规模重组。随着新机场和航线的引入,空中交通得到了扩展。航空公司重新考虑其战略并优化其运营,从而使网络快速恢复并变得更加高效。安全问题导致网络的鲁棒性显著提高。自2001年以来,由于网络的扩张,美国ATN的全球流量和拓扑特性都呈现出持续增长的趋势。另一方面,系统的鲁棒性并没有表现出提高的趋势。调查结果表明,尽管该系统在极端情况下维持其业务水平的能力最近有所提高,但其对有针对性的攻击的容忍度却有所下降。所提出的方法可以应用于不同的网络级别或不同的运输网络,提供一个系统的脆弱性的一般观点。

英文摘要:

The U.S. air transportation network (ATN) is critical to the mobility and the functioning of the United States. It is thus necessary to ensure that it is well-connected, efficient, and robust. Despite extensive research on its topology, the temporal evolution of the network's robustness and tolerance remains largely unexplored. In the present paper, a temporal study of the domestic U.S. ATN was performed based on annual flight data from 1996 to 2016 and network analytics were used to examine the effects of restructuring that followed the 9/11 events along with the current state of the system. Centrality measures were computed to assess the system's topology and its global robustness. A node deletion method was applied to assess the network's tolerance by simulating a targeted attack scenario. The study showed that the 9/11 terrorist attacks triggered vast restructuring of the network, in terms of efficiency and security. Air traffic expanded, as new airports and air routes were introduced. Airlines reconsidered their strategy and optimized their operations, thus allowing the network to recover rapidly and become even more efficient. Security concerns resulted in significant improvement of the network's robustness. Since 2001, the global traffic and topological properties of the U.S. ATN have displayed continuous growth, due to the network's expansion. On the other hand, the robustness of the system has not shown an improving tendency. Findings suggest that although the system's ability to sustain its operational level under extreme circumstances has lately improved, its tolerance to targeted attacks has deteriorated. The presented methodology may be applied on different network levels or different transportation networks, to provide a general perspective of the system's vulnerabilities.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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