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arXiv 2005.00333cs.CL
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XCOPA:一个面向因果常识推理的多语言数据集

XCOPA: A Multilingual Dataset for Causal Commonsense Reasoning

University of Cambridge(剑桥大学);University of Mannheim(曼海姆大学)

Edoardo Maria Ponti, Goran Glavaš, Olga Majewska, Qianchu Liu, Ivan Vulić, Anna Korhonen

摘要:

为了模拟人类的语言能力,自然语言处理系统必须能够推理日常情况的动态,包括它们可能的原因和影响。此外,他们应该能够将所获得的世界知识推广到新的语言中,以文化差异为模。机器推理和跨语言迁移的进展取决于具有挑战性的评估基准的可用性。出于这两个需求,我们引入跨语言的选择合理的替代品(XCOPA),一个类型多样的多语言数据集的因果常识推理在11种语言,其中包括资源贫乏的语言,如东部阿普里马克克丘亚语和海地克里奥尔语。我们在这个新颖的数据集上评估了一系列最先进的模型,发现与基于翻译的迁移相比,当前基于多语言预训练和零次微调(zero-shot fine-tuning)的方法的性能有所不足。最后,我们提出了策略,以适应多语言模型的样本资源贫乏的语言,只有一个小的语料库或双语词典是可用的,并报告了显着的改进随机基线。XCOPA数据集可在github.com/cambridgeltl/xcopa上免费获得。

英文摘要:

In order to simulate human language capacity, natural language processing systems must be able to reason about the dynamics of everyday situations, including their possible causes and effects. Moreover, they should be able to generalise the acquired world knowledge to new languages, modulo cultural differences. Advances in machine reasoning and cross-lingual transfer depend on the availability of challenging evaluation benchmarks. Motivated by both demands, we introduce Cross-lingual Choice of Plausible Alternatives (XCOPA), a typologically diverse multilingual dataset for causal commonsense reasoning in 11 languages, which includes resource-poor languages like Eastern Apurímac Quechua and Haitian Creole. We evaluate a range of state-of-the-art models on this novel dataset, revealing that the performance of current methods based on multilingual pretraining and zero-shot fine-tuning falls short compared to translation-based transfer. Finally, we propose strategies to adapt multilingual models to out-of-sample resource-lean languages where only a small corpus or a bilingual dictionary is available, and report substantial improvements over the random baseline. The XCOPA dataset is freely available at github.com/cambridgeltl/xcopa.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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