少模光纤中选择性激发径向对称模间非线性相互作用的时空特性
Spatiotemporal Characterization of Nonlinear Interactions between Selectively Excited Radially Symmetric Modes of a Few-Mode Fiber
摘要：
信号在单模光纤中的非线性传播是很好理解的，并且通常通过测量出现信号的时间分布或光谱来观察。在多模光纤中，非线性具有空间和时间元素，并且传播模式之间的相互作用的完整研究需要在空间和时间两者中解析输出。我们在这里报告时空测量两个非线性相互作用的LP $_{0m}$模式的阶跃折射率少模光纤（FMF）。我们描述了一种方法来选择性地激发两个传播模式，通过使用相位掩模直接图案化的光纤的入射面。通过光栅扫描连接到高速检测器的近场锥形单模光纤探头来解析输出。结果表明，在非线性的存在下，输出表现出的时空特征，不能充分地由相机图像或脉冲形状单独的特点。
英文摘要：
Nonlinear propagation of signals in single-mode fiber is well understood, and is typically observed by measuring the temporal profile or optical spectrum of an emerging signal. In multimode fibers, the nonlinearity has both a spatial and a temporal element, and a complete investigation of the interactions between propagating modes requires resolving the output in both space and time. We report here spatiotemporal measurements of two nonlinear interacting LP$_{0m}$ modes of a step-index few-mode fiber (FMF). We describe a method to selectively excite two propagating modes through the use of a phase-mask directly patterned on the entrance face of the fiber. The output is resolved by raster-scanning a near-field tapered single-mode optical fiber probe that is connected to a high-speed detector. The results show that in the presence of nonlinearity, the output exhibits a spatiotemporal character that cannot be adequately characterized by a camera image or pulse shape alone.
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