Lifshitz机制及其实验信号
The Lifshitz Regime and its Experimental Signals
摘要：
我们讨论了一个Lifshitz制度的可能性，其中的戈德斯通玻色子和相关领域的色散关系在非零动量有一个最小值。用泛函重整化群的研究表明，这发生在温度和重子化学势平面上的一个很宽的区域。相反，联邦德国发现，从一个关键终点波动是显着的区域是相当小的。我们认为，这是由于一般的手征极限的三临界区域的狭窄。即使粒子是在热平衡中产生的，动量非单调的色散关系也会产生看起来非热的行为。
英文摘要：
We discuss the possibility of a Lifshitz regime, where the dispersion relation for Goldstone bosons and related fields has a minimum at nonzero momenta. Studies with the Functional Renormalization Group suggest that this occurs over a wide region in the plane of temperature and baryon chemical potential. Conversely, the FRG finds that the region in which fluctuations from a critical endpoint are significant is rather small. We suggest that this is due generically to the narrowness of the tricritical region in the chiral limit. Even if particles are produced in thermal equilibrium, a dispersion relation which is non-monotonic in momenta produces what appears to be non-thermal behavior.
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