主数据库：在通用列式数据文件磁盘上支持快速事务处理工作负载
Mainlining Databases: Supporting Fast Transactional Workloads on Universal Columnar Data File Formats
摘要：
现代数据处理工具的激增产生了开放源列式数据格式。这些格式的优点是，它们可以帮助组织避免重复地将数据转换为每个应用程序的新格式。但是，这些格式是只读的，组织必须使用一个重量级的转换过程来从联机事务处理（OLTP）系统加载数据。我们的目标是减少甚至消除这个过程，通过开发一个存储架构的内存数据库管理系统（DBMS），是知道其数据的最终用途，并发出列存储块在一个通用的开源格式。我们对常见的分析数据格式引入了松弛，以有效地更新记录，并依靠轻量级的转换过程将块转换为冷时的读取优化布局。我们还描述了如何以最小的序列化开销从第三方分析工具访问数据。为了评估我们的工作，我们实现了基于Apache Arrow格式的存储引擎，并将其集成到DB-X DBMS中。我们的实验表明，我们的方法实现了与专用OLTP DBMS相当的性能，同时使数据导出到外部数据科学和机器学习工具的速度比现有方法快几个数量级。
英文摘要：
The proliferation of modern data processing tools has given rise to open-source columnar data formats. The advantage of these formats is that they help organizations avoid repeatedly converting data to a new format for each application. These formats, however, are read-only, and organizations must use a heavy-weight transformation process to load data from on-line transactional processing (OLTP) systems. We aim to reduce or even eliminate this process by developing a storage architecture for in-memory database management systems (DBMSs) that is aware of the eventual usage of its data and emits columnar storage blocks in a universal open-source format. We introduce relaxations to common analytical data formats to efficiently update records and rely on a lightweight transformation process to convert blocks to a read-optimized layout when they are cold. We also describe how to access data from third-party analytical tools with minimal serialization overhead. To evaluate our work, we implemented our storage engine based on the Apache Arrow format and integrated it into the DB-X DBMS. Our experiments show that our approach achieves comparable performance with dedicated OLTP DBMSs while enabling orders-of-magnitude faster data exports to external data science and machine learning tools than existing methods.
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