熔融沉积成形中密集轮廓平行刀具路径的自适应宽度控制框架
A framework for adaptive width control of dense contour-parallel toolpaths in fused deposition modeling
摘要：
熔融沉积成型（FDM）等3D打印技术已经能够快速且廉价地制造复杂的几何形状。通过用轮廓平行的挤压刀具路径填充连续层的2D多边形来生产高刚度零件。由轮廓多边形向内偏移组成的均匀宽度刀具路径在形状中心产生过度和过度区域，这对薄零件的机械性能尤其有害。为了密集地填充任意直径的形状，刀具路径需要自适应宽度。现有的方法用于生成具有自适应宽度的刀具路径，导致宽度变化很大，这对于某些硬件系统是难以精确实现的。在本文中，我们提出了一个框架，支持多种方案，以产生自适应宽度的刀具路径，通过采用一个函数来决定珠的数量和它们的宽度。此外，我们提出了一种新的方案，可以减少极端的焊道宽度，同时限制改变的刀具路径的数量。我们在统计上验证了我们的框架和这种新方案在代表性3D模型的数据集上的有效性，并通过开发一种称为背压补偿的技术来物理验证它，以使现成的FDM系统有效地实现自适应宽度。
英文摘要：
3D printing techniques such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) have enabled the fabrication of complex geometry quickly and cheaply. High stiffness parts are produced by filling the 2D polygons of consecutive layers with contour-parallel extrusion toolpaths. Uniform width toolpaths consisting of inward offsets from the outline polygons produce over- and underfill regions in the center of the shape, which are especially detrimental to the mechanical performance of thin parts. In order to fill shapes with arbitrary diameter densely the toolpaths require adaptive width. Existing approaches for generating toolpaths with adaptive width result in a large variation in widths, which for some hardware systems is difficult to realize accurately. In this paper we present a framework which supports multiple schemes to generate toolpaths with adaptive width, by employing a function to decide the number of beads and their widths. Furthermore, we propose a novel scheme which reduces extreme bead widths, while limiting the number of altered toolpaths. We statistically validate the effectiveness of our framework and this novel scheme on a data set of representative 3D models, and physically validate it by developing a technique, called back pressure compensation, for off-the-shelf FDM systems to effectively realize adaptive width.
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