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arXiv 2004.12453q-bio.NC
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相关平衡网络中的突触可塑性

Synaptic Plasticity in Correlated Balanced Networks

Alan Eric Akil, Robert Rosenbaum, Krešimir Josić

摘要:

局部皮层网络的动态是不规则的,但相关的。动态兴奋-抑制平衡是产生这种不规则活动的合理机制,但目前仍不清楚如何在可塑性神经网络中实现和维持平衡。特别是,还没有完全理解可塑性引起的网络变化如何影响平衡,以及相关的平衡活动如何影响学习。在不同的可塑性规则下,平衡网络的动力学是如何变化的?循环网络中的相关尖峰活动如何改变权重的演变,它们的最终大小和整个网络的结构?为了解决这些问题,我们开发了一个一般理论的可塑性平衡网络。我们表明,在塑性引起的重量变化下,可以达到并保持平衡。我们发现,在输入的相关性温和,但显着影响突触权重的演变。在一定的可塑性规则下,我们发现放电率和突触权重之间的相关性。在这些规则下,突触权重收敛到权重空间中的稳定流形,其最终配置取决于网络的初始状态。最后,我们证明了我们的框架也可以描述当神经元子集接收有针对性的光遗传学输入时塑性平衡网络的动力学。

英文摘要:

The dynamics of local cortical networks are irregular, but correlated. Dynamic excitatory--inhibitory balance is a plausible mechanism that generates such irregular activity, but it remains unclear how balance is achieved and maintained in plastic neural networks. In particular, it is not fully understood how plasticity induced changes in the network affect balance, and in turn, how correlated, balanced activity impacts learning. How does the dynamics of balanced networks change under different plasticity rules? How does correlated spiking activity in recurrent networks change the evolution of weights, their eventual magnitude, and structure across the network? To address these questions, we develop a general theory of plasticity in balanced networks. We show that balance can be attained and maintained under plasticity induced weight changes. We find that correlations in the input mildly, but significantly affect the evolution of synaptic weights. Under certain plasticity rules, we find an emergence of correlations between firing rates and synaptic weights. Under these rules, synaptic weights converge to a stable manifold in weight space with their final configuration dependent on the initial state of the network. Lastly, we show that our framework can also describe the dynamics of plastic balanced networks when subsets of neurons receive targeted optogenetic input.

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