折叠弹性薄板的塑性与老化
Plasticity and Aging of Folded Elastic Sheets
摘要：
我们研究的耗散机制所表现出的折痕的材料片时，受到机械载荷，这是在折痕内的塑性和松弛现象的形式。在证明塑性主要影响折痕的休止角之后，我们设计了这个量与系统的宏观状态之间的映射，使我们能够沿着任意加载路径跟踪其参考配置，从而为基于折痕的超材料提供了强大的监控和设计工具。此外，我们表明，复杂的松弛现象，特别是记忆效应，可以引起在折痕水平的非单调响应，可能涉及到类似的行为报告皱巴巴的床单。我们通过经典的双对数时间演化描述我们的观察，并获得与底层材料相容的本构行为。因此，由折痕提供的杠杆效应允许放大材料的流变性。
英文摘要：
We investigate the dissipative mechanisms exhibited by creased material sheets when subjected to mechanical loading, which comes in the form of plasticity and relaxation phenomena within the creases. After demonstrating that plasticity mostly affects the rest angle of the creases, we devise a mapping between this quantity and the macroscopic state of the system that allows us to track its reference configuration along an arbitrary loading path, resulting in a powerful monitoring and design tool for crease-based metamaterials. Furthermore, we show that complex relaxation phenomena, in particular memory effects, can give rise to a non-monotonic response at the crease level, possibly relating to the similar behavior reported for crumpled sheets. We describe our observations through a classical double-logarithmic time evolution and obtain a constitutive behavior compatible with that of the underlying material. Thus the lever effect provided by the crease allows magnified access to the material's rheology.
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