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arXiv 2004.11619hep-thastro-ph.COgr-qc
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标量-张量理论中的简并、物质耦合和非形式变换

Degeneracy, matter coupling, and disformal transformations in scalar-tensor theories

Cédric Deffayet, Sebastian Garcia-Saenz

摘要:

引力的简并标量-张量理论将广义相对论扩展了一个自由度,尽管它们的运动方程高于二阶。在某些情况下,这仅仅是在非简并理论中进行的非形式场重新定义的结果。更一般地说,这是由于存在一个额外的约束,消除了潜在的幽灵。人们已经注意到,当与物质的耦合涉及到度规的时间导数时,这一约束可以被挫败,这导致引力扇区的正则动量的修改。在本说明中,我们通过分析额外的自由度在与物质的最小耦合下可能重新出现的精确方式来扩展这个问题。具体来说,我们研究的例子,导致直接损失的特殊约束或未能产生一对二级约束的事项部门。我们还讨论了复发的额外的自由度使用的语言,特别是非形式化的转换为关注“面纱”的重力。在积极的一面,我们表明,旋量场的最小耦合是健康的,并没有破坏额外的约束。我们认为,旋量场在高阶导数存在下保持自由度数目的优点实际上是非常普遍的,并且可以从格拉斯曼值经典变量的水平分解中看出。

英文摘要:

Degenerate scalar-tensor theories of gravity extend general relativity by a single degree of freedom, despite their equations of motion being higher than second order. In some cases, this is a mere consequence of a disformal field redefinition carried out in a non-degenerate theory. More generally, this is made possible by the existence of an additional constraint that removes the would-be ghost. It has been noted that this constraint can be thwarted when the coupling to matter involves time derivatives of the metric, which results in a modification of the canonical momenta of the gravitational sector. In this note we expand on this issue by analyzing the precise ways in which the extra degree of freedom may reappear upon minimal coupling to matter. Specifically, we study examples of matter sectors that lead either to a direct loss of the special constraint or to a failure to generate a pair of secondary constraints. We also discuss the recurrence of the extra degree of freedom using the language of disformal transformations in particular for what concerns "veiled" gravity. On the positive side, we show that the minimal coupling of spinor fields is healthy and does not spoil the additional constraint. We argue that this virtue of spinor fields to preserve the number of degrees of freedom in the presence of higher derivatives is actually very general and can be seen from the level decomposition of Grassmann-valued classical variables.

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