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arXiv 2004.11417physics.space-phphysics.plasm-ph
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波数空间动力学尺度下Alfvénic波的质子-电子间磁能转移和分配

Magnetic Energy Transfer and Distribution between Protons and Electrons for Alfvénic Waves at Kinetic Scales in Wavenumber Space

Die Duan, Jiansen He, Honghong wu, Daniel Verscharen

摘要:

湍流耗散被认为是宇宙等离子体加热和加速的主要来源。交流焦耳项$\langleδj \cdot δE\rangle$用于测量电磁场和粒子之间的能量传递。由于电场依赖于参考坐标系,在哪个坐标系中计算$\langleδj\cdot δE\rangle$是一个重要的问题。我们计算了波矢空间中尺度相关的能量转移率谱,并研究了两个参考系中的电场起伏:平均整体流参考系中的$δE$和局部整体流参考系(非惯性参考系)中的$δE'$。考虑Alfvénic波,我们发现,$\langleδj\cdotδE^\prime\rangle$,它忽略了所做的工作的离子惯性力的贡献,是不一致的磁场能量阻尼率($2γδB^2$)根据线性麦克斯韦-伏拉索夫理论,而$\langleδj\cdot δE\rangle$是完全相同的$2γδB^2$在波数空间$(k_\parallel, k_\perp)$,其中$γ$是线性阻尼率。在典型的1 au太阳风条件下,我们发现,在我们的理论计算中,场能量主要转化为质子动能留下剩余的小部分电子。虽然电子在垂直于平均磁场的方向上获得能量,但它们在平行方向上返回其动能的很大一部分。磁场涨落可以在平行和垂直自由度之间传递粒子能量。因此,$\langleδj_\parallel\cdot δE_\parallel\rangle$和$\langleδj_\perp\cdot δE_\perp\rangle$不能分别单独描述平行方向和垂直方向上的能量转移。

英文摘要:

Turbulent dissipation is considered a main source of heating and acceleration in cosmological plasmas. The alternating current Joule-like term, $\langleδj \cdot δE\rangle$, is used to measure the energy transfer between electromagnetic (EM) fields and particles. Because the electric field depends on the reference frame, in which frame to calculate $\langleδj\cdot δE\rangle$ is an important issue. We compute the scale-dependent energy transfer rate spectrum in wavevector space, and investigate the electric-field fluctuations in two reference frames: $δE$ in the mean bulk flow frame and $δE'$ in the local bulk flow frame (non-inertial reference frame). Considering Alfvénic waves, we find that $\langleδj\cdotδE^\prime\rangle$, which neglects the contribution of work done by the ion inertial force, is not consistent with the magnetic field energy damping rate ($2γδB^2$) according to linear Maxwell-Vlasov theory, while $\langleδj\cdot δE\rangle$ is exactly the same as $2γδB^2$ in wavenumber space $(k_\parallel, k_\perp)$, where $γ$ is the linear damping rate. Under typical conditions of solar wind at 1 au, we find in our theoretical calculation that the field energy is mainly converted into proton kinetic energy leaving the residual minor portion for electrons. Although the electrons gain energy in the direction perpendicular to the mean magnetic field, they return a significant fraction of their kinetic energy in the parallel direction. Magnetic-field fluctuations can transfer particle energy between the parallel and perpendicular degrees of freedom. Therefore, $\langleδj_\parallel\cdot δE_\parallel\rangle$ and $\langleδj_\perp\cdot δE_\perp\rangle$ cannot solely describe the energy transfer in parallel direction and perpendicular direction, respectively.

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