为6G重新定义无线通信：信号处理满足深度学习与深度展开
Redefining Wireless Communication for 6G: Signal Processing Meets Deep Learning with Deep Unfolding
摘要：
2019年见证了5G标准的推出，该标准有望提供比4G显著的数据率改进。虽然5G仍处于起步阶段，但研究界对5G以外的通信技术的转变越来越多。最近出现的机器学习方法用于增强无线通信并为其提供急需的智能，为重新定义6G无线通信提供了巨大的潜力。不断发展的通信系统将在延迟、吞吐量和可靠性方面受到物理层的底层信号处理的考验。在本立场文件中，我们激发了通过利用深度展开技术来重新设计迭代信号处理算法以满足6G网络物理层要求的需求。为此，我们首先介绍了服务需求和设想的6G通信架构所带来的关键挑战。我们概述了6G网络背景下传统算法原理和数据饥渴型深度学习（DL）方法的不足。具体而言，深入展开的信号处理，提出了通过勾勒领域知识和DL之间的相互作用。本文中回顾的深度展开方法明确地定位在下一代蜂窝网络所施加的要求的上下文中。最后，本文激发了开放的研究挑战，以真正实现未来6G网络的硬件高效边缘智能。
英文摘要：
The year 2019 witnessed the rollout of the 5G standard, which promises to offer significant data rate improvement over 4G. While 5G is still in its infancy, there has been an increased shift in the research community for communication technologies beyond 5G. The recent emergence of machine learning approaches for enhancing wireless communications and empowering them with much-desired intelligence holds immense potential for redefining wireless communication for 6G. The evolving communication systems will be bottlenecked in terms of latency, throughput, and reliability by the underlying signal processing at the physical layer. In this position paper, we motivate the need to redesign iterative signal processing algorithms by leveraging deep unfolding techniques to fulfill the physical layer requirements for 6G networks. To this end, we begin by presenting the service requirements and the key challenges posed by the envisioned 6G communication architecture. We outline the deficiencies of the traditional algorithmic principles and data-hungry deep learning (DL) approaches in the context of 6G networks. Specifically, deep unfolded signal processing is presented by sketching the interplay between domain knowledge and DL. The deep unfolded approaches reviewed in this article are positioned explicitly in the context of the requirements imposed by the next generation of cellular networks. Finally, this article motivates open research challenges to truly realize hardware-efficient edge intelligence for future 6G networks.
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