PdFe/Ir（111）面中电流驱动的超小Skyrmion的杂质依赖的回旋运动、偏转和钉扎
Impurity-dependent gyrotropic motion, deflection and pinning of current-driven ultrasmall skyrmions in PdFe/Ir(111) surface
摘要：
休息多尺度建模模拟，我们探索动力学方面的特点skyrmions驱动的自旋转移矩对排斥和钉扎3d和4d单原子缺陷嵌入在Pd层沉积在Fe/Ir（111）表面。后者是已知的主机亚10纳米skyrmions这是极大的兴趣在信息技术。Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert方程的参数化与磁交换相互作用提取的第一性原理。根据缺陷的性质和所施加的磁场的大小，skyrmion通过收缩或增加尺寸而变形，从而经历椭圆形扭曲。在施加10特斯拉的磁场后，超小的skyrmions沿着直线被驱动朝向各种缺陷，这允许对杂质的影响进行简单分析。独立的skyrmion的缺陷复杂的相互作用的性质的陀螺运动观察。排斥力导致的skyrmion轨迹类似于吸引力引起的轨迹。我们发现，圆周运动是顺时针周围钉扎杂质，但逆时针周围的排斥，这可以用来识别的相互作用的缺陷，通过观察skyrmions轨迹的性质。此外，正如预期的那样，skyrmion总是逃脱排斥性缺陷相反的钉扎缺陷，这需要一个最小的脱钉扎电流观察杂质避免。这揭示了Skyrmions运动机制的丰富性。我们讨论的Thiele方程，它提供了一个合理的定性描述所观察到的现象方面的模拟结果。最后，我们展示了一个例子，一个双轨道的钉扎杂质，在工程上的相互距离允许控制的skyrmion运动与提高速度。
英文摘要：
Resting on multi-scale modelling simulations, we explore dynamical aspects characterizing skyrmions driven by spin-transfer-torque towards repulsive and pinning 3d and 4d single atomic defects embedded in a Pd layer deposited on the Fe/Ir(111) surface. The latter is known to host sub-10 nm skyrmions which are of great interest in information technology. The Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation is parametrized with magnetic exchange interactions extracted from first-principles. Depending on the nature of the defect and the magnitude of the applied magnetic field, the skyrmion deforms by either shrinking or increasing in size, experiencing thereby elliptical distortions. After applying a magnetic field of 10 Tesla, ultrasmall skyrmions are driven along a straight line towards the various defects which permits a simple analysis of the impact of the impurities. Independently from the nature of the skyrmion-defect complex interaction a gyrotropic motion is observed. A repulsive force leads to a skyrmion trajectory similar to the one induced by an attractive one. We unveil that the circular motion is clockwise around pinning impurities but counter clockwise around the repulsive ones, which can be used to identify the interaction nature of the defects by observing the skyrmions trajectories. Moreover, and as expected, the skyrmion always escapes the repulsive defects in contrast to the pinning defects, which require a minimal depinning current to observe impurity avoidance. This unveils the richness of the motion regimes of skyrmions. We discuss the results of the simulations in terms of the Thiele equation, which provides a reasonable qualitative description of the observed phenomena. Finally, we show an example of a double track made of pinning impurities, where the engineering of their mutual distance allows to control the skyrmion motion with enhanced velocity.
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