Fine-grained facial expression manipulation is a challenging problem, as fine-grained expression details are difficult to be captured. Most existing expression manipulation methods resort to discrete expression labels, which mainly edit global expressions and ignore the manipulation of fine details. To tackle this limitation, we propose an end-to-end expression-guided generative adversarial network (EGGAN), which utilizes structured latent codes and continuous expression labels as input to generate images with expected expressions. Specifically, we adopt an adversarial autoencoder to map a source image into a structured latent space. Then, given the source latent code and the target expression label, we employ a conditional GAN to generate a new image with the target expression. Moreover, we introduce a perceptual loss and a multi-scale structural similarity loss to preserve identity and global shape during generation. Extensive experiments show that our method can manipulate fine-grained expressions, and generate continuous intermediate expressions between source and target expressions.
Generative adversarial networks (GANs) can generate high-quality images from sampled latent codes. Recent works attempt to edit an image by manipulating its underlying latent code, but rarely go beyond the basic task of attribute adjustment. We propose the first method that enables manipulation with multidimensional condition such as keypoints and captions. Specifically, we design an algorithm that searches for a new latent code that satisfies the target condition based on the Surrogate Gradient Field (SGF) induced by an auxiliary mapping network. For quantitative comparison, we propose a metr…
Shandong University（山东大学）；Joint SDU-NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C-FAIR), Shandong University（山东大学中新国际联合研究院人工智能研究中心（C-FAIR））
With the rapid advances of image editing techniques in recent years, image manipulation detection has attracted considerable attention since the increasing security risks posed by tampered images. To address these challenges, a novel multi-scale multi-grained deep network (MSMG-Net) is proposed to automatically identify manipulated regions. In our MSMG-Net, a parallel multi-scale feature extraction structure is used to extract multi-scale features. Then the multi-grained feature learning is utilized to perceive object-level semantics relation of multi-scale features by introducing the shunted …
Although recent gaze estimation methods lay great emphasis on attentively extracting gaze-relevant features from facial or eye images, how to define features that include gaze-relevant components has been ambiguous. This obscurity makes the model learn not only gaze-relevant features but also irrelevant ones. In particular, it is fatal for the cross-dataset performance. To overcome this challenging issue, we propose a gaze-aware analytic manipulation method, based on a data-driven approach with generative adversarial network inversion's disentanglement characteristics, to selectively utilize g…
Many recent works have been proposed for face image editing by leveraging the latent space of pretrained GANs. However, few attempts have been made to directly apply them to videos, because 1) they do not guarantee temporal consistency, 2) their application is limited by their processing speed on videos, and 3) they cannot accurately encode details of face motion and expression. To this end, we propose a novel network to encode face videos into the latent space of StyleGAN for semantic face video manipulation. Based on the vision transformer, our network reuses the high-resolution portion of t…
International Institute of Information Technology, Bangalore（国际信息技术学院班加罗尔分校）；Indian Institute of Technology, Madras（印度理工学院马德拉斯分校）
Learning a disentangled representation of the latent space has become one of the most fundamental problems studied in computer vision. Recently, many Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown promising results in generating high fidelity images. However, studies to understand the semantic layout of the latent space of pre-trained models are still limited. Several works train conditional GANs to generate faces with required semantic attributes. Unfortunately, in these attempts, the generated output is often not as photo-realistic as the unconditional state-of-the-art models. Besides, th…
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）；Kuaishou Technology（快手科技）
Text-driven image manipulation is developed since the vision-language model (CLIP) has been proposed. Previous work has adopted CLIP to design a text-image consistency-based objective to address this issue. However, these methods require either test-time optimization or image feature cluster analysis for single-mode manipulation direction. In this paper, we manage to achieve inference-time optimization-free diverse manipulation direction mining by bridging CLIP and StyleGAN through Latent Alignment (CSLA). More specifically, our efforts consist of three parts: 1) a data-free training strategy …
Yandex；Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology（莫斯科物理技术学院）
StyleGAN2 is a state-of-the-art network in generating realistic images. Besides, it was explicitly trained to have disentangled directions in latent space, which allows efficient image manipulation by varying latent factors. Editing existing images requires embedding a given image into the latent space of StyleGAN2. Latent code optimization via backpropagation is commonly used for qualitative embedding of real world images, although it is prohibitively slow for many applications. We propose a way to distill a particular image manipulation of StyleGAN2 into image-to-image network trained in pai…
Exploring Compositional Visual Generation with Latent Classifier Guidance
University of California, San Diego（加州大学圣地亚哥分校）；The Pennsylvania State University（宾夕法尼亚州立大学）；NEC Laboratories America（NEC美国实验室）；Northwestern University（西北大学）
Recently, there has been a surge of diverse methods for performing image editing by employing pre-trained unconditional generators. Applying these methods on real images, however, remains a challenge, as it necessarily requires the inversion of the images into their latent space. To successfully invert a real image, one needs to find a latent code that reconstructs the input image accurately, and more importantly, allows for its meaningful manipulation. In this paper, we carefully study the latent space of StyleGAN, the state-of-the-art unconditional generator. We identify and analyze the exis…
Indian Institute of Science（印度科学学院）；Samsung Research India（三星印度研究院）
Unconstrained Image generation with high realism is now possible using recent Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). However, it is quite challenging to generate images with a given set of attributes. Recent methods use style-based GAN models to perform image editing by leveraging the semantic hierarchy present in the layers of the generator. We present Few-shot Latent-based Attribute Manipulation and Editing (FLAME), a simple yet effective framework to perform highly controlled image editing by latent space manipulation. Specifically, we estimate linear directions in the latent space (of a p…
LatRef-Diff: Latent and Reference-Guided Diffusion for Facial Attribute Editing and Style Manipulation
GuangDong Province Key Lab of Information Security Technology and School of Computer Science and Engineering（广东信息安全技术重点实验室和计算机科学与工程学院）；School of Cyber Science and Technology, Shenzhen Campus（深圳校区网络科学与技术学院）；Guangdong Laboratory of Machine Perception and Intelligent Computing, Faculty of Engineering（广东机器感知与智能计算实验室，工程学院）
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）
Generative adversarial nets (GANs) have been successfully applied in many fields like image generation, inpainting, super-resolution and drug discovery, etc., by now, the inner process of GANs is far from been understood. To get deeper insight of the intrinsic mechanism of GANs, in this paper, a method for interpreting the latent space of GANs by analyzing the correlation between latent variables and the corresponding semantic contents in generated images is proposed. Unlike previous methods that focus on dissecting models via feature visualization, the emphasis of this work is put on the vari…
From Imagined Futures to Executable Actions: Mixture of Latent Actions for Robot Manipulation
School of Data Science, Fudan University（复旦大学数据科学学院）；Shanghai Innovation Institute（上海创新研究院）；Imperial College London（伦敦帝国理工学院）；University of Surrey（萨里大学）
Ritchie School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Denver（丹佛大学里奇工程与计算机科学学院）；Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee（田纳西大学心理学系）；College of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Denver（丹佛大学艺术、人文与社会科学学院）
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are capable of synthesizing high-quality facial images. Despite their success, GANs do not provide any information about the relationship between the input vectors and the generated images. Currently, facial GANs are trained on imbalanced datasets, which generate less diverse images. For example, more than 77% of 100K images that we randomly synthesized using the StyleGAN3 are classified as Happy, and only around 3% are Angry. The problem even becomes worse when a mixture of facial attributes is desired: less than 1% of the generated samples are Angry Wom…
College of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Hohai University（人工智能与自动化学院，河海大学）；College of DaYu, Hohai University（大禹学院，河海大学）；College of Water Conserwancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University（水利水电工程学院，河海大学）；College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology（计算机科学与技术学院，浙江工业大学）
Regularized autoencoders learn the latent codes, a structure with the regularization under the distribution, which enables them the capability to infer the latent codes given observations and generate new samples given the codes. However, they are sometimes ambiguous as they tend to produce reconstructions that are not necessarily faithful reproduction of the inputs. The main reason is to enforce the learned latent code distribution to match a prior distribution while the true distribution remains unknown. To improve the reconstruction quality and learn the latent space a manifold structure, t…
Latent Bias Alignment for High-Fidelity Diffusion Inversion in Real-World Image Reconstruction and Manipulation
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology（南方科技大学电子与电气工程系）；Undergraduate School of Artificial Intelligence, Shenzhen Polytechnic University（深圳理工大学人工智能本科生学院）；Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.（华为技术有限公司）；Pengcheng Lab（鹏城实验室）
Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA（弗劳恩霍夫制造工程与自动化研究所IPA）；evia solution GmbH（evia解决方案有限公司）；Institute of Industrial Manufacturing and Management IFF, University of Stuttgart（斯图加特大学工业制造与管理研究所IFF）
When it comes to the optimization of CAD models in the automation domain, neural networks currently play only a minor role. Optimizing abstract features such as automation capability is challenging, since they can be very difficult to simulate, are too complex for rule-based systems, and also have little to no data available for machine-learning methods. On the other hand, image manipulation methods that can manipulate abstract features in images such as StyleCLIP have seen much success. They rely on the latent space of pretrained generative adversarial networks, and could therefore also make …
In-Context Brush: Zero-shot Customized Subject Insertion with Context-Aware Latent Space Manipulation
Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院计算技术研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；University of Konstanz（康斯坦茨大学）；National Cheng-Kung University（国立成功大学）
Australian National University（澳大利亚国立大学）；Technical University Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Indian Institute of Technology Mandi（印度理工学院曼迪分校）
In this work, we address a challenging problem of fine-grained and coarse-grained recognition of object manipulation actions. Due to the variations in geometrical and motion constraints, there are different manipulations actions possible to perform different sets of actions with an object. Also, there are subtle movements involved to complete most of object manipulation actions. This makes the task of object manipulation action recognition difficult with only just the motion information. We propose to use grasp and motion-constraints information to recognise and understand action intention wit…
Huazhong University of Science and Technology（华中科技大学）；Tencent（腾讯）；East China Normal University（华东师范大学）
Image manipulation with StyleGAN has been an increasing concern in recent years.Recent works have achieved tremendous success in analyzing several semantic latent spaces to edit the attributes of the generated images.However, due to the limited semantic and spatial manipulation precision in these latent spaces, the existing endeavors are defeated in fine-grained StyleGAN image manipulation, i.e., local attribute translation.To address this issue, we discover attribute-specific control units, which consist of multiple channels of feature maps and modulation styles. Specifically, we collaborativ…
University of Moratuwa（莫拉图瓦大学）；The University of Sydney（悉尼大学）
3D generative models have been recently successful in generating realistic 3D objects in the form of point clouds. However, most models do not offer controllability to manipulate the shape semantics of component object parts without extensive semantic attribute labels or other reference point clouds. Moreover, beyond the ability to perform simple latent vector arithmetic or interpolations, there is a lack of understanding of how part-level semantics of 3D shapes are encoded in their corresponding generative latent spaces. In this paper, we propose 3DLatNav; a novel approach to navigating pretr…
AU-Blendshape for Fine-grained Stylized 3D Facial Expression Manipulation
Beihang University（北京航空航天大学）；Peng Cheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）；North China University of Technology（华北理工大学）；University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；University of Copenhagen（哥本哈根大学）
Facial expression manipulation aims at editing facial expression with a given condition. Previous methods edit an input image under the guidance of a discrete emotion label or absolute condition (e.g., facial action units) to possess the desired expression. However, these methods either suffer from changing condition-irrelevant regions or are inefficient for fine-grained editing. In this study, we take these two objectives into consideration and propose a novel method. First, we replace continuous absolute condition with relative condition, specifically, relative action units. With relative ac…
Deep autoregressive models are one of the most powerful models that exist today which achieve state-of-the-art bits per dim. However, they lie at a strict disadvantage when it comes to controlled sample generation compared to latent variable models. Latent variable models such as VAEs and normalizing flows allow meaningful semantic manipulations in latent space, which autoregressive models do not have. In this paper, we propose using Fisher scores as a method to extract embeddings from an autoregressive model to use for interpolation and show that our method provides more meaningful sample man…
We present a method for fine-grained face manipulation. Given a face image with an arbitrary expression, our method can synthesize another arbitrary expression by the same person. This is achieved by first fitting a 3D face model and then disentangling the face into a texture and a shape. We then learn different networks in these two spaces. In the texture space, we use a conditional generative network to change the appearance, and carefully design input formats and loss functions to achieve the best results. In the shape space, we use a fully connected network to predict the accurate shapes a…
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School（清华大学深圳国际研究生院）；Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；Tencent AI Lab（腾讯人工智能实验室）；Huya Inc（虎牙公司）
Free-form text prompts allow users to describe their intentions during image manipulation conveniently. Based on the visual latent space of StyleGAN[21] and text embedding space of CLIP[34], studies focus on how to map these two latent spaces for text-driven attribute manipulations. Currently, the latent mapping between these two spaces is empirically designed and confines that each manipulation model can only handle one fixed text prompt. In this paper, we propose a method named Free-Form CLIP (FFCLIP), aiming to establish an automatic latent mapping so that one manipulation model handles fre…
Image manipulation on the latent space of the pre-trained StyleGAN can control the semantic attributes of the generated images. Recently, some studies have focused on detecting channels with specific properties to directly manipulate the latent code, which is limited by the entanglement of the latent space. To detect the attribute-specific channels, we propose a novel detection method in the context of pre-trained classifiers. We analyse the gradients layer by layer on the style space. The intensities of the gradients indicate the channel's responses to specific attributes. The latent style co…
Recent studies have shown how disentangling images into content and feature spaces can provide controllable image translation/ manipulation. In this paper, we propose a framework to enable utilizing discrete multi-labels to control which features to be disentangled, i.e., disentangling label-specific fine-grained features for image manipulation (dubbed DLGAN). By mapping the discrete label-specific attribute features into a continuous prior distribution, we leverage the advantages of both discrete labels and reference images to achieve image manipulation in a hybrid fashion. For example, given…
From Attenuation to Attention: Variational Information Flow Manipulation for Fine-Grained Visual Perception
Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT/CAS)（智能信息处理重点实验室，计算技术研究所，中国科学院（ICT/CAS））；State Key Laboratory of AI Safety, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT/CAS)（人工智能安全国家重点实验室，计算技术研究所，中国科学院（ICT/CAS））；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China（中国科学院大学，北京，中国）
Recently, a surge of face editing techniques have been proposed to employ the pretrained StyleGAN for semantic manipulation. To successfully edit a real image, one must first convert the input image into StyleGAN's latent variables. However, it is still challenging to find latent variables, which have the capacity for preserving the appearance of the input subject (e.g., identity, lighting, hairstyles) as well as enabling meaningful manipulations. In this paper, we present a method to expand the latent space of StyleGAN with additional content features to break down the trade-off between low-d…
Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；Singapore Management University（新加坡管理大学）；Salesforce Research Asia（赛富时亚洲研究院）
This paper investigates an open research problem of generating text-image pairs to improve the training of fine-grained image-to-text cross-modal retrieval task, and proposes a novel framework for paired data augmentation by uncovering the hidden semantic information of StyleGAN2 model. Specifically, we first train a StyleGAN2 model on the given dataset. We then project the real images back to the latent space of StyleGAN2 to obtain the latent codes. To make the generated images manipulatable, we further introduce a latent space alignment module to learn the alignment between StyleGAN2 latent …
World-to-Wrist: Task-Conditioned Future Wrist Modeling for Fine-Grained Robot Manipulation
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）；Xidian University（西安电子科技大学）；Southeast University（东南大学）
Fine-grained action recognition is a challenging task in computer vision. As fine-grained datasets have small inter-class variations in spatial and temporal space, fine-grained action recognition model requires good temporal reasoning and discrimination of attribute action semantics. Leveraging on CNN's ability in capturing high level spatial-temporal feature representations and Transformer's modeling efficiency in capturing latent semantics and global dependencies, we investigate two frameworks that combine CNN vision backbone and Transformer Encoder to enhance fine-grained action recognition…
