非对流性浅积云：理论和直接数值模拟
Non-Precipitating Shallow Cumulus Clouds: Theory and Direct Numerical Simulation
摘要：
我们模拟积云作为瞬态非绝热羽流，并提出了一个单流体配方的发展浅积云的动力学研究。流体，空气，携带水蒸气和液态水作为标量与流动平流。我们采用Boussinesq近似和一个简化形式的克劳修斯-克拉珀龙定律的相变。我们用这个公式来研究积云形成所需的环境条件。结果表明，环境温度直减率和环境相对湿度是决定积云形成的关键。在这两个参数的相空间中，我们确定了分离积云可以形成和不能形成的区域的边界。
英文摘要：
We model cumulus clouds as transient diabatic plumes, and present a single-fluid formulation for the study of the dynamics of developing shallow cumulus clouds. The fluid, air, carries water vapour and liquid water as scalars that are advected with the flow. We employ the Boussinesq approximation and a simplified form of the Clausius-Clapeyron law for phase changes. We use this formulation to study the ambient conditions required for the formation of cumulus clouds. We show that the temperature lapse rate in the ambient and the relative humidity of the ambient are crucial in deciding when cumulus clouds form. In the phase-space of these two parameters, we determine the boundary that separates the regions where cumulus clouds can form and where they cannot.
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