春节为中国更清洁的空气指明了道路
Spring Festival points the way to cleaner air in China
摘要：
春节期间的人类迁徙是现代人类最大的集体活动，涉及世界人口的十分之一和地球陆地表面积的6%以上。春节期间，空气污染物排放量下降，导致中国污染最严重地区的大气成分发生巨大变化。基于2005-2019年中国东部50个城市的卫星和现场测量，我们发现，在SF周，大气NO2污染下降了约40%，细颗粒物质（PM2. 5）在接下来的一周下降了约30%，反映了前体排放控制对减轻二次PM2. 5形成的有效性。然而，尽管人类活动和排放量处于最低水平，但中国东部地区在SF期间的空气污染仍然远远超过其他全球污染热点。我们的分析表明，仅基于末端控制和行业升级的措施可能不足以实现空气质量目标。中国空气的进一步清洁，从根本上取决于重工业升级和清洁能源转型的可持续发展。
英文摘要：
Human migration during the Chinese Spring Festival (SF) is the largest collective human activity of its kind in the modern era-involving about one-tenth of the world population and over six percent of the earth's land surface area. The festival results in a drop of air pollutant emissions that causes dramatic changes of atmospheric composition over China's most polluted regions. Based on satellite and in-situ measurements for the years 2005-2019 over 50 cities in eastern China, we find that the atmospheric NO2 pollution dropped by ~40% during the SF week, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) decreased by ~30% in the following week, reflecting the effectiveness of precursor emission controls on the mitigation of secondary PM2.5 formation. However, although human activity and emissions are at the lowest level, air pollution over eastern China during the SF still far exceeds that over other worldwide pollution hotspots. Our analyses suggest that measures based solely on end-of-pipe controls and industry upgrades may not suffice to meet air quality goals. Further cleaning of the air in China depends fundamentally on sustainable advances in both heavy industry upgrades and clean energy transition.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
