量子素养对未来教育和跨学科问题解决的挑战和机遇
The challenge and opportunities of quantum literacy for future education and transdisciplinary problem-solving
摘要：
由于物理学家，计算机科学家，教育家和工业最终用户之间的跨学科对话，我们提出了量子素养的概念，作为解决我们在全球可持续发展问题的核心所看到的复杂问题的跨学科性质的一种手段。通过这种方式，量子素养可以促进联合国可持续发展目标4，优质教育。我们认为，量子素养，这里定义的，解决了在一个高度有限的学科和访问的那种强大的知识，应该更容易获得广泛的学习者在整个生命过程中，学生和专业人士的学习和技能获取的挑战。越来越重要的是，量子技术的知识可以让那些以更具包容性的方式从事现实世界应用的人获得。因此，我们认为，解决教学问题的重要性时，强大的知识包括密集的概念，以及概念之间的复杂和层次关系，除了提出了一个强大的障碍进入数学的形式。我们介绍了一个特定的难题可视化学习工具，通过它来实现量子计算方面的这些教学目的。通过谜题进行可视化可以使非专业人员对通用量子计算有一个直观但仍然严格的理解，并为非专业人员发现越来越复杂和新的量子算法提供了一个工具。使用来自量子力学的Hong-Ou-Mandel光学效应，我们展示了通过谜题可视化工具实现的可视化方法如何对于理解量子物理学及其他领域的潜在复杂过程非常有用，从而支持量子素养的目标。
英文摘要：
Resulting from cross-disciplinary dialogue between physicists, computer scientists, educationalists, and industrial end users, we propose the concept of quantum literacy as one means of addressing the transdisciplinary nature of the complex problems that we see at the heart of issues around global sustainability. In this way, quantum literacy can contribute to UN Sustainable Development Goal 4, Quality Education. We argue that quantum literacy, as defined here, addresses the challenges of learning and skills acquisition within a highly bounded discipline and of access to the kind of powerful knowledge that should be more accessible to a wide group of learners throughout the life course, both students and professionals. It is increasingly important that the knowledge of quantum technologies is accessible to those who work with real world applications in a more inclusive way. We therefore argue for the importance of addressing pedagogic issues when powerful knowledge consists of dense concepts, as well as complex and hierarchical relations between concepts, in addition to presenting a strong barrier to entry in the form of mathematics. We introduce a specific puzzle visualization learning tool through which to achieve these pedagogic ends with respect to quantum computation. Visualization through puzzles can enable non-specialists to develop an intuitive, but still rigorous, understanding of universal quantum computation and provide a facility for non-specialists to discover increasingly complex and new quantum algorithms. Using the Hong-Ou-Mandel optical effect from quantum mechanics, we demonstrate how visual methods such as those made possible through the puzzle visualization tool, can be very useful for understanding underlying complex processes in quantum physics and beyond and therefore support the aims of quantum literacy.
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