The asymptotic behavior of the equilibrium radiation in Maxwellian plasma is investigated for the region of low frequencies. It is shown, that already for a weakly non-ideal plasma the equilibrium radiation can essentially deviate from the Planck law. The deviation from the Planck distribution is described by the transverse dielectric permittivity which takes into account both frequency and spatial dispersion. The influence of plasma non-ideality increases with increase of the non-ideality parameter in the in the dielectric permittivity. The spectral energy distribution of the equilibrium radiation essentially changes in the region of observable frequencies. At asymptotically low frequencies there is transfer from logarithmic to power behavior of the equilibrium radiation. The results indicate that in the primordial plasma of Early Universe the spectral energy distribution of radiation could be different then the Planck one.
The asymptotic behavior of the equilibrium radiation in Maxwellian plasma is studied for the low--frequency region. It is shown, that the equilibrium radiation can essentially deviate from the Planck law even for a weakly non-ideal plasma. The deviation from the Planck distribution is described by the transverse dielectric permittivity which takes into account both frequency and spatial dispersion. The influence of plasma non-ideality increases with the non-ideality parameter in the dielectric permittivity. The spectral energy distribution of the equilibrium radiation essentially changes in th…
An effective approach for construction of simple approximation for description of non-ideality effects in classical one- and two-component plasma model is under discussion. General constraints i.e. positiveness and exponential type for radial distribution functions F2(r) combined with normalizing (local electroneutrality) conditions, which validity is independent on degree of non-ideality, are used for effective correction of several well-known approximated forms of F(r). Resulting corrected forms F*(r) leads to non-ideality corrections, which are asymptotically exact in the weak non-ideality …
Macroscopic plasma polarization, which is created by gravitation and other mass-acting (inertial) forces in massive astrophysical objects is under discussion. Non-ideality effect due to strong Coulomb interaction of charged particles is introduced into consideration as a new source of such polarization. Simplified situation of totally equilibrium isothermal star without relativistic effects and influence of magnetic field is considered. The study is based on variational approach combined with "local density approximation". It leads to two local forms of thermodynamic equilibrium conditions: co…
Surface waves propagating in the semi-bounded collisional hot QCD medium (quark-gluon plasma) are considered. To investigate the effect of collisions as damping and non-ideality factor, the longitudinal and transverse dielectric functions of the quark-gluon plasma are used within the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) approach. The results were obtained both analytically and numerically in the long wavelength limit. First of all, collisions lead to smaller values of surface wave frequency and their stronger damping. Secondly, the results show that non-ideality leads to the appearance of a new branch …
The dynamical structure factor (DSF) of strongly coupled ions in dense plasmas with partially and strongly degenerate electrons is investigated. The main focus is on the impact of electronic correlations (non-ideality) on the ionic DSF. The latter is computed by carrying out molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with a screened ion-ion interaction potential. The electronic screening is taken into account by invoking the Singwi-Tosi-Land-Sjölander approximation, and compared to the MD simulation data obtained considering the electronic screening in the random phase approximation and using the Yuk…
In the article an ultracold electron-ion plasma created by photoionization of cooled atoms is investigated. We obtained analitical expressions for non-ideality parameters which establish due to correlation heating. In the work the nearest neighbour and the Wigner-Seitz cell approximations were used, the recombination heating of electrons was taken into account. We have got a good agreement with the experiment results. The possibility of creation of strongly non-ideal electron subsystem has been shown and conditions of this process have been determined.
A new model method for describing of the electrostatic screening in two-component systems (electron-ion plasmas, dusty plasmas, electrolytes, etc) is developed. The method is applicable to the systems of higher non-ideality degree. The expressions for all the screening parameters introduced in the previous paper (Part 1) of this work, as well as for an additional parameter characteristic for multi-component systems, are obtained. All these parameters are presented in a simple analytic form suitable for operative laboratory usage, especially for theoretical interpretation of experimental data.
In this paper a new model method for describing of the electrostatic screening in single-component systems which is free of Debye-Huckel's non-physical properties is presented. The method is appropriate for the determination of screening parameters in the case of the systems of higher non-ideality degree. The obtained screening characteristics are presented in a simple analytic form. The presented results make basic elements of a method for determination of screening characteristics in dense two-component plasmas, which are discussed in Part2 and Part 3 of this work.
Mathematics demonstrates that an ideally evolving magnetic field has an exponentially increasing sensitivity to non-ideal effects for all but truly exceptional evolutions. On a time scale that depends only logarithmically on the magnitude of non-ideality, an evolving magnetic field will generally reach a state of fast magnetic reconnection. The effects of fast magnetic reconnection proceed at a rate determined by Alfvénic, not resistive, physics. The best known of these effects are associated with the transfer of magnetic field energy to the plasma and the conservation of magnetic helicity, wh…
The low frequency magnetic field spectrum in the primordial plasma is of particular interest as a possible origin of magnetic fields in the universe (e.g., Tajima et al. 1992 and Cable and Tajima 1992). We derive the magnetic field spectrum in the primordial plasma, in particular, at the epoch of primordial nucleosynthesis. The pioneering study of Cable and Tajima (1992) of the electromagnetic fluctuations, based on the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem, is extended. Our model describes both the thermal and collisional effects in a plasma. It is based on a kinetic description with the BGK collis…
We study hydrogen plasmas at magnetic fields B ~ 10^{12}-10^{13} Gauss, densities ~ 10^{-3}-10^3 g/cc and temperatures T ~ 10^{5.5}-10^{6.5} K, typical of photospheres of middle-aged cooling neutron stars. We construct an analytical free energy model of the partially ionized plasma, including into consideration the decentred atomic states, which arise due to the thermal motion across the strong field. We show that these states, neglected in previous studies, may contribute appreciably into thermodynamics of the outer atmospheric layers at density below 1 g/cc and typical B and T. We take into …
In this thesis, we have studied the generation and evolution of the magnetic field in the early Universe. We investigated the generation of magnetic fields in the presence of chiral symmetry and gravitational anomaly. We have used modified kinetic theory by Berry curvature and derived expressions for magnetic and vortical conductivities. We have also shown that there are two length scales: kinetic and viscous, which is one of the important results. In the latter part of the thesis, we have shown the effect of second-order viscous effects on the modes of the magnetic fields.
It is known that cosmic magnetic field, if present, can generate anisotropic stress in the plasma and hence, can act as a source of gravitational waves. These cosmic magnetic fields can be generated at very high temperature, much above electroweak scale, due to the gravitational anomaly in presence of the chiral asymmetry. The chiral asymmetry leads to instability in the plasma which ultimately leads to the generation of magnetic fields. In this article, we discuss the generation of gravitational waves, during the period of instability, in the chiral plasma sourced by the magnetic field create…
We study the generation of magnetic field in the primordial plasma of the standard model (SM) particles at temperature $T>80$~TeV much higher than the electroweak scale. It is assumed that there is an excess number of right-handed electrons over left-handed positrons in the plasma. Using the Berry-curvature modified kinetic theory to incorporate the effect of the Abelian anomaly, we show that this chiral-imbalance leads to generation of hyper-magnetic field in the plasma in both the collision dominated and the collisionless regimes. It is shown that in the collision dominated regime the chiral…
We study how the presence of a background magnetic field, of intensity compatible with current observation constraints, affects the linear evolution of cosmological density perturbations at scales below the Hubble radius. The magnetic field provides an additional pressure that can prevent the growth of a given perturbation; however, the magnetic pressure is confined only to the plane orthogonal the field. As a result, the "Jeans length" of the system not only depends on the wavelength of the fluctuation but also on its direction, and the perturbative evolution is anisotropic. We derive this re…
We explore screening effects arising from a relativistic magnetized plasma with applications to Big Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). %Specifically, due to their small magnetic moments, energies of electrons and positrons can be easily quantized via Landau quantization. The screening potential which depends on the thermodynamics of charged particles in the plasma is altered by the magnetic field. We focus on the impact of screening on the electron capture interaction. Taking into account the correction in BBN arising from a homogeneous primordial magnetic field (PMF), we constrain the epoch at which…
It is assumed, in general, that the electromagnetic spectrum in the Primordial Universe was a blackbody spectrum in vacuum. We derive the electromagnetic spectrum, based on the Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem that describes the electromagnetic fluctuations in a plasma. Our description includes thermal and collisional effects in a plasma. The electromagnetic spectrum obtained differs from the blackbody spectrum in vacuum at low frequencies. In particular, concentrating on the primordial nucleosynthesis era, it has more energy for frequencies less than 3 to $6ω_{pe}$, where $ω_{pe}$ is the elect…
