超越粒子形而上学的量子个体性困境
The Dilemma of Quantum Individuality Beyond Particle Metaphysics
摘要：
通常认为量子力学是指由基本粒子构成的微观领域。然而，正如埃尔温·薛定谔最先注意到的那样，我们根本不清楚这些量子粒子到底是什么。根据专门的文献，甚至不清楚这些微观实体中的每一个是否拥有自己的身份。最近，Jonas Arenhart提出了量子对象的区分，这是一个两难的问题，迫使他们在作为个体或非个体的表征之间做出选择。在这项工作中，我们试图解决（形而上学）的前提条件下，阿伦哈特的困境，接地的问题，在QM的个性强的前提条件，关于量子物体的存在。在对形而上学在物理学中所起的作用进行重新思考之后，我们试图提出，不仅要对超越粒子形而上学的困境进行完全的重新定义，而且还要提出一种可能的现实主义解决方案，这种解决方案基于提供一种新的（非经典的）概念框架，这种框架寻求发展量子理论的不变客观表示。
英文摘要：
It is commonly claimed that quantum mechanics makes reference to a microscopic realm constituted by elementary particles. However, as first famously noticed by Erwin Schrödinger, it is not at all clear what these quantum particles really are. According to the specialized literature, it is not even clear if each of these microscopic entities possess their own identity. Recently, Jonas Arenhart proposed a distinction of quantum objects in terms of a dilemma which forces a choice between their characterization either as individuals or as non-individuals. In this work we attempt to address the (metaphysical) presuppositions involved within Arenhart's dilemma which ground the question of individuality in QM on a strong presupposition regarding the existence of quantum objects. After providing a reconsideration of the role played by metaphysics within physics we attempt to propose, not only a complete redefinition of the dilemma beyond particle metaphysics, but also a possible realist solution grounded on the provision of a new (non-classical) conceptual framework which seeks to develop an invariant-objective representation of the theory of quanta.
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