趋电过程中发育细胞和营养细胞的细胞速度、电持续性和感觉
Cellular velocity, electrical persistence and sensing in developed and vegetative cells during electrotaxis
摘要：
细胞有能力检测电场，并以定向迁移运动对其作出反应。研究确定了在定义迁移效率中起重要作用的基因和蛋白质。然而，定向细胞迁移的传感和转导机制仍在讨论中。以盘基网柄藻细胞为模型系统，研究了直流电场作用下真核细胞迁移的过程。我们已经定义了时间电持久性来表征细胞在变化的电场中的记忆。除了施加方向性偏差，我们观察到电场通过加速细胞沿其路径的运动来影响细胞运动学。此外，对营养细胞和短暂饥饿细胞的研究提供了对细胞电传感的深入了解。我们发现的证据表明，饥饿细胞的条件培养基能够触发植物细胞的电感应，否则它们不会在电场中定位。这一观察结果可以解释为条件培养基因子（CMF）的存在，CMF是细胞开始饥饿时分泌的蛋白质。本研究的结果提供了新的见解，了解机制，触发电感应和转导的外部刺激到定向细胞迁移。最后，所观察到的细胞在电场中随时间推移而增加的移动性可以为伤口愈合测定提供新的视角。
英文摘要：
Cells have the ability to detect electric fields and respond to them with directed migratory movement. Investigations identified genes and proteins that play important roles in defining the migration efficiency. Nevertheless, the sensing and transduction mechanisms underlying directed cell migration are still under discussion. We use Dictyostelium discoideum cells as model system for studying eukaryotic cell migration in DC electric fields. We have defined the temporal electric persistence to characterize the memory that cells have in a varying electric field. In addition to imposing a directional bias, we observed that the electric field influences the cellular kinematics by accelerating the movement of cells along their paths. Moreover, the study of vegetative and briefly starved cells provided insight into the electrical sensing of cells. We found evidence that conditioned medium of starved cells was able to trigger the electrical sensing of vegetative cells that would otherwise not orient themselves in the electric field. This observation may be explained by the presence of the conditioned medium factor (CMF), a protein secreted by the cells, when they begin to starve. The results of this study give new insights into understanding the mechanism that triggers the electrical sensing and transduces the external stimulus into directed cell migration. Finally, the observed increased mobility of cells over time in an electric field could offer a novel perspective towards wound healing assays.
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