内嵌模型差异:以寨卡建模为例的案例研究
Embedded model discrepancy: A case study of Zika modeling
AI总结:
本文以2016年巴西寨卡流行为例,提出一种内嵌差异算子来改进流行病学数学模型,使其与真实数据的一致性大幅提升,且该方法具有广泛适用性。
摘要:
流行病学系统的数学模型能够对潜在的疾病爆发进行调查和预测。然而,常用的模型往往是对极其复杂系统的高度简化表示。由于这些简化,关于随时间变化的新增疾病病例或流行病何时发生的模型输出,可能与可用数据不一致。在这种情况下,我们必须改进模型,特别是当我们计划基于它做出可能影响人类健康和安全的决策时,但直接改进往往超出了我们的能力范围。在这项工作中,我们通过2016年巴西寨卡爆发的案例研究来探讨这个问题。我们提出了一种内嵌差异算子——一种对模型方程的修改,它需要关于系统的少量信息,并由所有相关数据进行校准。我们表明,新的丰富模型显示出与真实数据的一致性大大提高。此外,该方法足够通用,可以轻松应用于流行病学中的许多其他数学模型。
英文摘要:
Mathematical models of epidemiological systems enable investigation of and predictions about potential disease outbreaks. However, commonly used models are often highly simplified representations of incredibly complex systems. Because of these simplifications, the model output, of say new cases of a disease over time, or when an epidemic will occur, may be inconsistent with available data. In this case, we must improve the model, especially if we plan to make decisions based on it that could affect human health and safety, but direct improvements are often beyond our reach. In this work, we explore this problem through a case study of the Zika outbreak in Brazil in 2016. We propose an embedded discrepancy operator---a modification to the model equations that requires modest information about the system and is calibrated by all relevant data. We show that the new enriched model demonstrates greatly increased consistency with real data. Moreover, the method is general enough to easily apply to many other mathematical models in epidemiology.
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