Development of Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs) requires close interaction between developers with expertise in many domains to achieve ever-increasing demands for improved performance, reduced cost, and more system autonomy. Each engineering discipline commonly relies on domain-specific modeling languages, and analysis and execution of these models is often automated with appropriate tooling. However, integration between these heterogeneous models and tools is often lacking, and most of the burden for inter-operation of these tools is placed on system developers. To address this problem, we introduce a workflow modeling language for the automation of complex CPS development processes and implement a platform for execution of these models in the Assurance-based Learning-enabled CPS (ALC) Toolchain. Several illustrative examples are provided which show how these workflow models are able to automate many time-consuming integration tasks previously performed manually by system developers.
Industrial automation systems (IASs) are commonly developed using the languages defined by the IEC 61131 standard and are executed on PLCs. In this paper, a system-based approach for the development of IASs is adopted. A framework is described to refine the UML model of the software part, which is extracted from the SysML system model, and get the implementation code. Two implementation alternatives are considered to exploit PLCs but also the recent deluge of embedded boards in the market. For PLC targets, the new version of IEC 61131 that supports Object-Orientation is adopted, while Java is …
The Cyber-Physical System (CPS) is considered to be the next generation of intelligent industrial automation systems that integrate computing, communication and control technologies. In CPS, the interoperability requirements between devices and processes are growing rapidly. However, the diversity and heterogeneity of technologies and standards between information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) in industrial systems pose significant challenges. Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) provides a software design pattern in which software components are connected only through messagi…
The Foundations of Computational Management: A Systematic Approach to Task Automation for the Integration of Artificial Intelligence into Existing Workflows
Vivenxia Group LLC（Vivenxia集团有限责任公司）；Centre for Digital Therapeutics（数字治疗中心）；University of Southern California（南加州大学）
IoT is considered as one of the key enabling technologies for the fourth industrial revolution, that is known as Industry 4.0. In this paper, we consider the mechatronic component as the lowest level in the system composition hierarchy that tightly integrates mechanics with the electronics and software required to convert the mechanics to intelligent (smart) object offering well defined services to its environment. For this mechatronic component to be integrated in the IoT-based industrial automation environment, a software layer is required on top of it to convert its conventional interface t…
This paper sets the context for the urgency for cyber autonomy, and the current gaps of the cyber security industry. A novel framework proposing four phases of maturity for full cyber autonomy will be discussed. The paper also reviews new and emerging cyber security automation techniques and tools, and discusses their impact on society, the perceived cyber security skills gap/shortage and national security. We will also be discussing the delicate balance between national security, human rights and ethics, and the potential demise of the manual penetration testing industry in the face of automa…
AutoResearch: An Execution-Grounded Multi-Agent Framework for Reliable Research Workflow Automation
International Research Center for Complexity Sciences（国际复杂性科学研究中心）；Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University（杭州国际创新研究院，北京航空航天大学）；Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Mathematics and Technology（科学、数学与技术学院计算机科学系）；Wenzhou-Kean University（温州-凯恩大学）；Computer Systems Engineering Department, Sukkur IBA University（苏库尔IBA大学计算机系统工程系）；Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（长江三角洲地区研究所（湖州），中国电子科学科技大学）
Continuous practices are a staple of the modern software development workflow. Automation, in particular, is widely adopted due to its benefits related to quality and productivity. However, automation, similarly to all other aspects of the software development workflow, interacts with humans (in this case developers). While some work has investigated the impact of automation on developers, it is not clear to what extent context and process influence that impact. We present our ADEPT theory of developers and automation, in an attempt to bridge this gap and identify the possible ways context, pr…
University of California at Riverside（加州大学河滨分校）；Toyota North America R&D Labs（丰田北美研发实验室）
Endowed with automation and connectivity, Connected and Automated Vehicles are meant to be a revolutionary promoter for Cooperative Driving Automation. Nevertheless, CAVs need high-fidelity perception information on their surroundings, which is available but costly to collect from various onboard sensors as well as vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications. Therefore, authentic perception information based on high-fidelity sensors via a cost-effective platform is crucial for enabling CDA-related research, e.g., cooperative decision-making or control. Most state-of-the-art traffic simulation s…
Formal reasoning on the safety of controller systems interacting with plants is complex because developers need to specify behavior while taking into account perceptual uncertainty. To address this, we propose an automated workflow that takes an Event-B model of an uncertainty-unaware controller and a specification of uncertainty as input. First, our workflow automatically injects the uncertainty into the original model to obtain an uncertainty-aware but potentially unsafe controller. Then, it automatically robustifies the controller so that it satisfies safety even under the uncertainty. The …
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) employed for Industrial Automation often require the adoption of a hybrid data processing approach mediating between cloud, edge, and fog computing paradigms. Nowadays, it is possible to shift data pre-processing capabilities closer to data sensing to collect environmental measurements locally on the edge or deep edge. In line with the emerging computing paradigms, this work proposes a solution that includes both software and hardware components and which simplifies the deployment of smart measurement systems. The solution stresses also the adoption of standards a…
Compiled AI: Deterministic Code Generation for LLM-Based Workflow Automation
XY.AI Labs, Palo Alto, CA（XY.AI实验室，帕洛阿尔托）；Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA（斯坦福大学医学院，斯坦福）；Cornell University, Department of Computer Science, Ithaca, NY（康奈尔大学计算机科学系，伊萨卡）；Brigham and Women’s Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA（布莱根妇女医院/哈佛医学院，波士顿）
System and application availability continues to be a fundamental characteristic of IT services. In recent years the IT Operations team at Wolters Kluwer CT Corporation has placed special focus on this area. Using a combination of goals, metrics, processes, organizational models, communication methods, corrective maintenance, root cause analysis, preventative engineering, automated alerting, and workflow automation significant progress has been made in meeting availability SLAs or Service Level Agreements. This paper presents the background of this work, approach, details of its implementation…
The article presents an approach to automation of business processes by means of a consolidated model describing a class of processes. Rules and examples for building a consolidated model are given. The model is validated through development of a software application called COMPASS-P for monitoring of procedures for evaluation and accreditation of education.
With high penetration of distributed renewable energy resources along with sophisticated automation and information technology, cyber-physical energy systems (CPES, i.e. Smart Grids here) requires a holistic approach to evaluate the integration at a system level, addressing all relevant domains. Hybrid cloud SCADA (Supervisory, Control And Data Acquisition), allowing laboratories to be linked in a consistent infrastructure can provide the support for such multi-platform experiments. This paper presents the procedure to implement a CIM (Common Information Model) compliant hybrid cloud SCADA, wi…
Charles University in Prague（布拉格查理大学）；Faculty of Mathematics and Physics（数学与物理学院）
The Invariant Refinement Method for Self Adaptation (IRM-SA) is a design method targeting development of smart Cyber-Physical Systems (sCPS). It allows for a systematic translation of the system requirements into the system architecture expressed as an ensemble-based component system (EBCS). However, since the requirements are captured using natural language, there exists the danger of their misinterpretation due to natural language requirements' ambiguity, which could eventually lead to design errors. Thus, automation and validation of the design process is desirable. In this paper, we (i) an…
