球形鞭毛流体动力耦合的极小模型及其在团藻中的应用
A Minimal Model of the Hydrodynamical Coupling of Flagella on a Spherical Body with application to Volvox
摘要：
鞭毛是附着在微生物上的毛发状附属物，允许生物体穿过其流体环境。团藻是球形游泳者，其表面上有数千个单独的鞭毛，它们的协调性尚未完全了解。在这项工作中，一个先前开发的鞭毛同步化的极小模型被扩展到浸没在流体中的球体的外表面。每个跳动的鞭毛尖端被建模为一个小球体，弹性约束到一个圆形轨道上的球面和一个正则化的图像系统的斯托克斯流外的一个球体是用来执行无滑移条件。生物相关的分布转子的结果在一个快速发展和强大的辛异时波从前面到后面的球形团藻体。
英文摘要：
Flagella are hair-like appendages attached to microorganisms that allow the organisms to traverse their fluid environment. The algae Volvox are spherical swimmers with thousands of individual flagella on their surface and their coordination is not fully understood. In this work, a previously developed minimal model of flagella synchronization is extended to the outer surface of a sphere submerged in a fluid. Each beating flagellum tip is modelled as a small sphere, elastically bound to a circular orbit just above the spherical surface and a regularized image system for Stokes flow outside of a sphere is used to enforce the no-slip condition. Biologically relevant distributions of rotors results in a rapidly developing and robust symplectic metachronal wave traveling from the anterior to the posterior of the spherical Volvox body.
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