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arXiv 2004.05114quant-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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传播微波模的数分辨光计数器

Number-resolved photocounter for propagating microwave mode

Rémy Dassonneville, Réouven Assouly, Théau Peronnin, Pierre Rouchon, Benjamin Huard

摘要:

传播微波光子的探测器最近已经使用超导电路实现。然而,一个数字分辨的光计数器仍然失踪。在这封信中,我们展示了一个单次计数器传播微波光子,可以解决高达$3$光子。它基于一个泵浦约瑟夫森环形调制器,通过频率转换捕获任意传播模式,并以稳态存储模式存储其量子态。然后,transmon量子比特使用一系列二进制问题来计算存储模式中的光子数。使用基于测量的反馈,问题的数量是最小的,并且与光子的最大数量成比例。该探测器的特点是探测效率为$0.96 \pm 0.04$,暗计数概率为$0.030 \pm 0.002$,平均死区时间为$4.5~\mathrm{μs}$。为了最大限度地提高其性能,该器件首先用作\emph{in situ}波形检测器,从中计算并应用最佳泵浦。根据入射光子的数量,探测器成功的概率范围为$(54 \pm 2)\%$到$99\%$。

英文摘要:

Detectors of propagating microwave photons have recently been realized using superconducting circuits. However a number-resolved photocounter is still missing. In this letter, we demonstrate a single-shot counter for propagating microwave photons that can resolve up to $3$ photons. It is based on a pumped Josephson Ring Modulator that can catch an arbitrary propagating mode by frequency conversion and store its quantum state in a stationary memory mode. A transmon qubit then counts the number of photons in the memory mode using a series of binary questions. Using measurement based feedback, the number of questions is minimal and scales logarithmically with the maximal number of photons. The detector features a detection efficiency of $0.96 \pm 0.04$, and a dark count probability of $0.030 \pm 0.002$ for an average dead time of $4.5~\mathrm{μs}$. To maximize its performance, the device is first used as an \emph{in situ} waveform detector from which an optimal pump is computed and applied. Depending on the number of incoming photons, the detector succeeds with a probability that ranges from $(54 \pm 2)\%$ to $99\%$.

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