TiO2纳米管的光催化作用：彩色反应性和将位点特异性光催化中心设计成TiO2纳米管
Photocatalysis with TiO2 Nanotubes: Colorful Reactivity and Designing Site-Specific Photocatalytic Centers into TiO2 Nanotubes
摘要：
二氧化钛上的光催化反应最近获得了巨大的复苏，因为各种新的策略和发现，承诺大幅提高这种反应的效率和特异性，通过修改二氧化钛支架和化学。鉴于几何形状，特别是，阳极TiO 2纳米管吸引了广泛的兴趣，因为它们允许高度控制光生载流子的分离，不仅在光催化反应，而且在光电化学反应。有序纳米管阵列的一个关键优点是纳米管修饰可以嵌入管壁中的特定位置;也就是说，助催化剂，掺杂物质或结可以沿着管壁放置在高度限定的所需位置（或具有所需的规则几何形状或图案）。这使得催化和光催化反应的反应位点的能量学工程达到前所未有的水平，其目标不仅是更高的效率，而且是反应的选择性。许多最近的管改变是形态学性质（中孔结构，设计的小面微晶，混合物，或1D结构），但一些颜色编码（即，黑色，蓝色，红色，绿色，灰色）的修改已经吸引了广泛的兴趣，因为在可见光范围内的二氧化钛的光吸收光谱的扩展，因为可以诱导独特的催化活性。本透视图给出了一个概述的TiO 2纳米管在纳米管阵列的使用的最新进展，并讨论了定制其光催化反应性的基本概念。
英文摘要：
Photocatalytic reactions on TiO2 have recently gained an enormous resurgence because of various new strategies and findings that promise to drastically increase efficiency and specificity of such reactions by modifications of the titania scaffold and chemistry. In view of geometry, in particular, anodic TiO2 nanotubes have attracted wide interest, as they allow a high degree of control over the separation of photogenerated charge carriers not only in photocatalytic reactions but also in photoelectrochemical reactions. A key advantage of ordered nanotube arrays is that nanotube modifications can be embedded site specifically into the tube wall; that is, cocatalysts, doping species, or junctions can be placed at highly defined desired locations (or with a desired regular geometry or pattern) along the tube wall. This allows an unprecedented level of engineering of energetics of reaction sites for catalytic and photocatalytic reactions, which target not only higher efficiencies but also the selectivity of reactions. Many recent tube alterations are of a morphologic nature (mesoporous structures, designed faceted crystallites, hybrids, or 1D structures), but a number of color-coded (namely, black, blue, red, green, gray) modifications have attracted wide interest because of the extension of the light absorption spectrum of titania in the visible range and because unique catalytic activity can be induced. The present Perspective gives an overview of TiO2 nanotubes in photocatalysis with an emphasis on the most recent advances in the use of nanotube arrays and discusses the underlying concepts in tailoring their photocatalytic reactivity.
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