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arXiv 2004.04956hep-thgr-qc
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从有效场论看防火墙

Firewall From Effective Field Theory

Pei-Ming Ho, Yuki Yokokura

摘要:

对于球对称蒸发黑洞背景下的有效场论,我们考虑了不可重整化的相互作用及其与物理效应的关系。背景几何是由半经典爱因斯坦方程确定的一个平静的视界,真空能量动量张量是自由落体的观察者很小。令人惊讶的是,在霍金辐射出现后,尽管不存在大曲率不变量,但在坍缩物质进入近视界区后,对于一类高阶导数算符,从Unruh真空到某些多粒子态的跃迁振幅随时间呈指数增长.在混乱的时间内,平静的视界向防火墙过渡,最终有效场论崩溃。

英文摘要:

For an effective field theory in the background of an evaporating black hole with spherical symmetry, we consider non-renormalizable interactions and their relevance to physical effects. The background geometry is determined by the semi-classical Einstein equation for an uneventful horizon where the vacuum energy-momentum tensor is small for freely falling observers. Surprisingly, after Hawking radiation appears, the transition amplitude from the Unruh vacuum to certain multi-particle states grows exponentially with time for a class of higher-derivative operators after the collapsing matter enters the near-horizon region, despite the absence of large curvature invariants. Within the scrambling time, the uneventful horizon transitions towards a firewall, and eventually the effective field theory breaks down.

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