We introduce two criteria to regularize the optimization involved in learning a classifier in a domain where no annotated data are available, leveraging annotated data in a different domain, a problem known as unsupervised domain adaptation. We focus on the task of semantic segmentation, where annotated synthetic data are aplenty, but annotating real data is laborious. The first criterion, inspired by visual psychophysics, is that the map between the two image domains be phase-preserving. This restricts the set of possible learned maps, while enabling enough flexibility to transfer semantic information. The second criterion aims to leverage ecological statistics, or regularities in the scene which are manifest in any image of it, regardless of the characteristics of the illuminant or the imaging sensor. It is implemented using a deep neural network that scores the likelihood of each possible segmentation given a single un-annotated image. Incorporating these two priors in a standard domain adaptation framework improves performance across the board in the most common unsupervised domain adaptation benchmarks for semantic segmentation.
Synthetic data generation is an appealing approach to generate novel traffic scenarios in autonomous driving. However, deep learning perception algorithms trained solely on synthetic data encounter serious performance drops when they are tested on real data. Such performance drops are commonly attributed to the domain gap between real and synthetic data. Domain adaptation methods that have been applied to mitigate the aforementioned domain gap achieve visually appealing results, but usually introduce semantic inconsistencies into the translated samples. In this work, we propose a novel, unsupe…
Domain adaptation is one of the most crucial techniques to mitigate the domain shift problem, which exists when transferring knowledge from an abundant labeled sourced domain to a target domain with few or no labels. Partial domain adaptation addresses the scenario when target categories are only a subset of source categories. In this paper, to enable the efficient representation of cross-domain plant images, we first extract deep features from pre-trained models and then develop adversarial consistent learning ($ACL$) in a unified deep architecture for partial domain adaptation. It consists o…
Deep Learning Based Domain Adaptation Methods in Remote Sensing: A Comprehensive Survey
Department of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University（北航电子与信息工程学院）；Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University（北航航天学院图像处理中心）；Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院声学研究所）
Tsinghua University（清华大学）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）
Providing an accurate evaluation of palm tree plantation in a large region can bring meaningful impacts in both economic and ecological aspects. However, the enormous spatial scale and the variety of geological features across regions has made it a grand challenge with limited solutions based on manual human monitoring efforts. Although deep learning based algorithms have demonstrated potential in forming an automated approach in recent years, the labelling efforts needed for covering different features in different regions largely constrain its effectiveness in large-scale problems. In this p…
Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications（北京邮电大学）
Domain adaptation aims to leverage a labeled source domain to learn a classifier for the unlabeled target domain with a different distribution. Previous methods mostly match the distribution between two domains by global or class alignment. However, global alignment methods cannot achieve a fine-grained class-to-class overlap; class alignment methods supervised by pseudo-labels cannot guarantee their reliability. In this paper, we propose a simple yet efficient domain adaptation method, i.e. Cycle Label-Consistent Network (CLCN), by exploiting the cycle consistency of classification label, whi…
École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne（洛桑联邦理工学院）
Deep learning-solutions for hand-object 3D pose and shape estimation are now very effective when an annotated dataset is available to train them to handle the scenarios and lighting conditions they will encounter at test time. Unfortunately, this is not always the case, and one often has to resort to training them on synthetic data, which does not guarantee that they will work well in real situations. In this paper, we introduce an effective approach to addressing this challenge by exploiting 3D geometric constraints within a cycle generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) to perform domain ad…
State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所机器人学国家重点实验室）；Institutes for Robotics and Intelligent Manufacturing, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院机器人与智能制造创新研究院）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；University of Arkansas at Little Rock（阿肯色大学小石城分校）
Unsupervised domain adaptation without consuming annotation process for unlabeled target data attracts appealing interests in semantic segmentation. However, 1) existing methods neglect that not all semantic representations across domains are transferable, which cripples domain-wise transfer with untransferable knowledge; 2) they fail to narrow category-wise distribution shift due to category-agnostic feature alignment. To address above challenges, we develop a new Critical Semantic-Consistent Learning (CSCL) model, which mitigates the discrepancy of both domain-wise and category-wise distribu…
FairRSFM: A Biome-Aware Benchmark and Debiasing Framework for Remote Sensing Foundation Models
Space Applications Centre, ISRO（印度空间研究组织空间应用中心）；Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal（印度科学教育与研究学院博帕尔分校）；Indian Institute of Technology Bombay（印度理工学院孟买分校）
University of Trento（特伦托大学）；Sapienza University of Rome（罗马大学）；University of Tübingen（蒂宾根大学）；Fondazione Bruno Kessler（布鲁诺·凯斯勒基金会）；Mapillary Research（Mapillary 研究院）；Politecnico di Torino（都灵理工大学）；Italian Institute of Technology（意大利理工学院）
Recent unsupervised domain adaptation methods based on deep architectures have shown remarkable performance not only in traditional classification tasks but also in more complex problems involving structured predictions (e.g. semantic segmentation, depth estimation). Following this trend, in this paper we present a novel deep adaptation framework for estimating keypoints under domain shift}, i.e. when the training (source) and the test (target) images significantly differ in terms of visual appearance. Our method seamlessly combines three different components: feature alignment, adversarial tr…
Ever since the prevalent use of the LiDARs in autonomous driving, tremendous improvements have been made to the learning on the point clouds. However, recent progress largely focuses on detecting objects in a single 360-degree sweep, without extensively exploring the temporal information. In this report, we describe a simple way to pass such information in the learning pipeline by adding timestamps to the point clouds, which shows consistent improvements across all three classes.
Semantic segmentation models struggle to generalize in the presence of domain shift. In this paper, we introduce contrastive learning for feature alignment in cross-domain adaptation. We assemble both in-domain contrastive pairs and cross-domain contrastive pairs to learn discriminative features that align across domains. Based on the resulting well-aligned feature representations we introduce a label expansion approach that is able to discover samples from hard classes during the adaptation process to further boost performance. The proposed approach consistently outperforms state-of-the-art m…
Taking A Closer Look at Domain Shift: Category-level Adversaries for Semantics Consistent Domain Adaptation
Huazhong University of Science & Technology（华中科技大学）；University of Technology Sydney（悉尼科技大学）；Australian National University（澳大利亚国立大学）；Farsee2 Tech. Co.（法视特科技有限公司）；Baidu Research（百度研究院）
Benchmarking Test-Time Adaptation against Distribution Shifts in Image Classification
Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院自动化研究所）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）
Simon Fraser University（西蒙弗雷泽大学）；Wake Forest University School of Medicine（维克森林大学医学院）；Wake Forest School of Medicine（维克森林大学医学院）；University of Nottingham（诺丁汉大学）；Tencent Jarvis Lab（腾讯Jarvis实验室）；Memorial University of Newfoundland（纽芬兰纪念大学）；University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；The University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；University College London（伦敦大学学院）
Optical Coherence Tomography(OCT) is a non-invasive technique capturing cross-sectional area of the retina in micro-meter resolutions. It has been widely used as a auxiliary imaging reference to detect eye-related pathology and predict longitudinal progression of the disease characteristics. Retina layer segmentation is one of the crucial feature extraction techniques, where the variations of retinal layer thicknesses and the retinal layer deformation due to the presence of the fluid are highly correlated with multiple epidemic eye diseases like Diabetic Retinopathy(DR) and Age-related Macular…
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) aims to adapt models trained on a source domain to a new target domain where no labelled data is available. In this work, we investigate the problem of UDA from a synthetic computer-generated domain to a similar but real-world domain for learning semantic segmentation. We propose a semantically consistent image-to-image translation method in combination with a consistency regularisation method for UDA. We overcome previous limitations on transferring synthetic images to real looking images. We leverage pseudo-labels in order to learn a generative image-to-i…
Synthetic data has been applied in many deep learning based computer vision tasks. Limited performance of algorithms trained solely on synthetic data has been approached with domain adaptation techniques such as the ones based on generative adversarial framework. We demonstrate how adversarial training alone can introduce semantic inconsistencies in translated images. To tackle this issue we propose density prematching strategy using KLIEP-based density ratio estimation procedure. Finally, we show that aforementioned strategy improves quality of translated images of underlying method and their…
University of California, Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）；NVIDIA（英伟达）；University of California, San Diego（加州大学圣地亚哥分校）
This paper presents an algorithm to reconstruct temporally consistent 3D meshes of deformable object instances from videos in the wild. Without requiring annotations of 3D mesh, 2D keypoints, or camera pose for each video frame, we pose video-based reconstruction as a self-supervised online adaptation problem applied to any incoming test video. We first learn a category-specific 3D reconstruction model from a collection of single-view images of the same category that jointly predicts the shape, texture, and camera pose of an image. Then, at inference time, we adapt the model to a test video ov…
Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）；University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）
Recent advances in unsupervised domain adaptation for semantic segmentation have shown great potentials to relieve the demand of expensive per-pixel annotations. However, most existing works address the domain discrepancy by aligning the data distributions of two domains at a global image level whereas the local consistencies are largely neglected. This paper presents an innovative local contextual-relation consistent domain adaptation (CrCDA) technique that aims to achieve local-level consistencies during the global-level alignment. The idea is to take a closer look at region-wise feature rep…
The performance of object detection methods based on LiDAR information is heavily impacted by the availability of training data, usually limited to certain laser devices. As a result, the use of synthetic data is becoming popular when training neural network models, as both sensor specifications and driving scenarios can be generated ad-hoc. However, bridging the gap between virtual and real environments is still an open challenge, as current simulators cannot completely mimic real LiDAR operation. To tackle this issue, domain adaptation strategies are usually applied, obtaining remarkable res…
National Key Lab for Novel Software Technology, Nanjing University（南京大学计算机软件新技术国家重点实验室）；Tencent Youtu Lab（腾讯云图实验室）
Recent deep-learning based Super-Resolution (SR) methods have achieved remarkable performance on images with known degradation. However, these methods always fail in real-world scene, since the Low-Resolution (LR) images after the ideal degradation (e.g., bicubic down-sampling) deviate from real source domain. The domain gap between the LR images and the real-world images can be observed clearly on frequency density, which inspires us to explictly narrow the undesired gap caused by incorrect degradation. From this point of view, we design a novel Frequency Consistent Adaptation (FCA) that ensu…
Qualcomm AI Research（高通AI研究院）；Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.（高通技术公司）；Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）
In video segmentation, generating temporally consistent results across frames is as important as achieving frame-wise accuracy. Existing methods rely either on optical flow regularization or fine-tuning with test data to attain temporal consistency. However, optical flow is not always avail-able and reliable. Besides, it is expensive to compute. Fine-tuning the original model in test time is cost sensitive. This paper presents an efficient, intuitive, and unsupervised online adaptation method, AuxAdapt, for improving the temporal consistency of most neural network models. It does not require o…
University of Winnipeg（温尼伯大学）；Natural Resources Canada（加拿大自然资源部）；Canada Centre for Mapping and Earth Observation（加拿大测绘与地球观测中心）
Deep learning has become one of remote sensing scientists' most efficient computer vision tools in recent years. However, the lack of training labels for the remote sensing datasets means that scientists need to solve the domain adaptation problem to narrow the discrepancy between satellite image datasets. As a result, image segmentation models that are then trained, could better generalize and use an existing set of labels instead of requiring new ones. This work proposes an unsupervised domain adaptation model that preserves semantic consistency and per-pixel quality for the images during th…
Massachusetts General Hospital（麻省总医院）；Harvard Medical School（哈佛医学院）
Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) has been a vital protocol for migrating information learned from a labeled source domain to facilitate the implementation in an unlabeled heterogeneous target domain. Although UDA is typically jointly trained on data from both domains, accessing the labeled source domain data is often restricted, due to concerns over patient data privacy or intellectual property. To sidestep this, we propose "off-the-shelf (OS)" UDA (OSUDA), aimed at image segmentation, by adapting an OS segmentor trained in a source domain to a target domain, in the absence of source domai…
