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arXiv 2004.04116cs.LGstat.ML
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DeepStreamCE:一种用于深度神经网络概念演化检测的流方法

DeepStreamCE: A Streaming Approach to Concept Evolution Detection in Deep Neural Networks

Birmingham City University(伯明翰城市大学)

Lorraine Chambers, Mohamed Medhat Gaber, Zahraa S. Abdallah

摘要:

深度神经网络已经在实验中证明了在决策预测方面优于其他机器学习方法的性能。然而,一个主要的问题是训练类的分类决策的闭集性质,这可能会在安全关键系统中产生严重的后果。当深度神经网络处于流式传输环境中时,需要对该分类进行快速解释以确定分类结果是否可信。当深度神经网络的输入数据随时间变化时,可能会发生不可信分类。一种可能发生的变化是概念进化,其中引入了一个新的类,而深度神经网络没有在其上进行训练。在大多数深度神经网络架构中,唯一的选择是将此实例分配给它在其上进行训练的类之一,这是不正确的。本研究的目的是检测流中新类的到达。现有的解释深度神经网络的工作通常集中在神经元激活,以提供视觉解释和特征提取。我们的新方法,创造了DeepStreamCE,使用流方法在深度神经网络中进行实时概念进化检测。DeepStreamCE在离线阶段使用自动编码器和基于MCOD流的聚类来应用神经元激活减少。两个输出都用于在线阶段,以分析进化流中的神经元激活,从而实时的检测概念进化的发生。我们通过在CIFAR-10数据集的数据组合上训练VGG 16卷积神经网络来评估DeepStreamCE,并提供一些类作为概念进化。为了进行比较,我们将数据和VGG 16网络应用于开放集深度网络解决方案- OpenMax。DeepStreamCE在识别我们数据集的概念演变时优于OpenMax。

英文摘要:

Deep neural networks have experimentally demonstrated superior performance over other machine learning approaches in decision-making predictions. However, one major concern is the closed set nature of the classification decision on the trained classes, which can have serious consequences in safety critical systems. When the deep neural network is in a streaming environment, fast interpretation of this classification is required to determine if the classification result is trusted. Un-trusted classifications can occur when the input data to the deep neural network changes over time. One type of change that can occur is concept evolution, where a new class is introduced that the deep neural network was not trained on. In the majority of deep neural network architectures, the only option is to assign this instance to one of the classes it was trained on, which would be incorrect. The aim of this research is to detect the arrival of a new class in the stream. Existing work on interpreting deep neural networks often focuses on neuron activations to provide visual interpretation and feature extraction. Our novel approach, coined DeepStreamCE, uses streaming approaches for real-time concept evolution detection in deep neural networks. DeepStreamCE applies neuron activation reduction using an autoencoder and MCOD stream-based clustering in the offline phase. Both outputs are used in the online phase to analyse the neuron activations in the evolving stream in order to detect concept evolution occurrence in real time. We evaluate DeepStreamCE by training VGG16 convolutional neural networks on combinations of data from the CIFAR-10 dataset, holding out some classes to be used as concept evolution. For comparison, we apply the data and VGG16 networks to an open-set deep network solution - OpenMax. DeepStreamCE outperforms OpenMax when identifying concept evolution for our datasets.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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