亚稳μ介子强流束
Intense beam of metastable Muonium
摘要：
Muonium Lamb位移和精细结构的精确光谱学需要一个强大的2S Muonium源。到目前为止，束箔技术是唯一证明在真空中产生这种束的方法。以前使用这种技术的实验是统计有限的，新的测量将极大地受益于低能量μ子（$<20$ keV）设施的有效2S生产。这种丰富的低能量$\mathrm{μ^+}$源仅在最近几年才变得可用，例如在Paul Scherrer研究所的低能μ子束线处。使用这个源，我们报告成功地创建一个强烈的，定向光束的亚稳态μ。我们发现，即使理论的μ分数是最大的$2-5$ keV的低能量范围内，散射的箔和传输特性的光束线有利于略高的$\mathrm{μ^+}$能量的$7-10$ keV。我们估计，一个事件检测率为每秒几个事件的未来兰姆移位测量是可行的，使精度增加了两个数量级，比以前的决定。
英文摘要：
Precision spectroscopy of the Muonium Lamb shift and fine structure requires a robust source of 2S Muonium. To date, the beam-foil technique is the only demonstrated method for creating such a beam in vacuum. Previous experiments using this technique were statistics limited, and new measurements would benefit tremendously from the efficient 2S production at a low energy muon ($<20$ keV) facility. Such a source of abundant low energy $\mathrm{μ^+}$ has only become available in recent years, e.g. at the Low-Energy Muon beamline at the Paul Scherrer Institute. Using this source, we report on the successful creation of an intense, directed beam of metastable Muonium. We find that even though the theoretical Muonium fraction is maximal in the low energy range of $2-5$ keV, scattering by the foil and transport characteristics of the beamline favor slightly higher $\mathrm{μ^+}$ energies of $7-10$ keV. We estimate that an event detection rate of a few events per second for a future Lamb shift measurement is feasible, enabling an increase in precision by two orders of magnitude over previous determinations.
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