梨形偶偶核景观
Landscape of pear-shaped even-even nuclei
摘要：
反射非对称核形状现象与核稳定性、核谱学、核衰变和裂变以及寻找标准模型之外的新物理有关。对基态八极形变的全球调查，用有限数量的模型进行，表明梨形同位素的数量在整个核景观中相当有限。利用核密度泛函理论，采用非相对论和协变的能量密度泛函，对粒子束缚偶偶核的$Z \leq 110$和$N \leq 210$基态八极形变进行了整体分析.通过这种方式，我们可以识别反射不对称形状的最佳候选者。计算是在轴向反射非对称Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov理论和相对论Hartree-Bogoliubov理论的框架下进行的，使用DFT求解器，采用谐振子基展开。我们考虑五个Skyrme和协变能量密度泛函。我们预测几个地区的基态八极形变。除了$^{224}$ Ra周围的缺中子锕系核和$^{146}$ Ba周围的富中子镧系元素的“传统”区域之外，我们还在$^{200}$ Gd和$^{288}$ Pu周围的非常富中子的核以及$^{112}$ Ba周围的几个核中发现了大量的非对称形状的区域。我们的分析表明，稳定的基态八极形变，主要是在缺中子的锕系元素区域，可以通过实验达到几个有前途的候选人。Skyrme和协变模型之间进行了详细的比较。
英文摘要：
The phenomenon of reflection-asymmetric nuclear shapes is relevant to nuclear stability, nuclear spectroscopy, nuclear decays and fission, and the search for new physics beyond the standard model. Global surveys of ground-state octupole deformation, performed with a limited number of models, suggest that the number of pear-shaped isotopes is fairly limited across the nuclear landscape. We carry out global analysis of ground-state octupole deformations for particle-bound even-even nuclei with $Z \leq 110$ and $N \leq 210$ using nuclear density functional theory (DFT) with several non-relativistic and covariant energy density functionals. In this way, we can identify the best candidates for reflection-asymmetric shapes. The calculations are performed in the frameworks of axial reflection-asymmetric Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory and relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory using DFT solvers employing harmonic oscillator basis expansion. We consider five Skyrme and four covariant energy density functionals. We predict several regions of ground-state octupole deformation. In addition to the "traditional" regions of neutron-deficient actinide nuclei around $^{224}$Ra and neutron-rich lanthanides around $^{146}$Ba, we identified vast regions of reflecion-asymmetric shapes in very neutron-rich nuclei around $^{200}$Gd and $^{288}$Pu, as well as in several nuclei around $^{112}$Ba. Our analysis suggests several promising candidates with stable ground-state octupole deformation, primarily in the neutron-deficient actinide region, that can be reached experimentally. Detailed comparison between Skyrme and covariant models is performed.
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