斜入射和碰撞脉冲对laser驱动的相对论透明靶质子加速的影响
Effects of oblique incidence and colliding pulses on laser-driven proton acceleration from relativistically transparent ultrathin targets
摘要：
固体薄膜的使用为加速激光-物质相互作用产生的质子提供了最佳条件。当靶足够薄以至于产生相对论性自诱导透明（RSIT）时，所有靶电子都被激光加热到高能量，这使加速电场最大化，从而使最终离子能量最大化。在这项工作中，我们首先研究了如何在透明CH $_2$固体箔的超强飞秒激光脉冲加速离子时，从正常转向倾斜（$45^\circ$）入射修改。由于较强的电子加热，我们发现，更高的质子能量可以获得斜入射，但在薄的最佳目标。然后，我们表明，质子加速可以进一步提高分裂成两个半脉冲的激光脉冲在相反的入射角聚焦。增加$\sim 30\,\%$的最大质子能量和$\sim 4$的高能量质子电荷的一个因素相比，一个单一的正常入射脉冲的参考情况。
英文摘要：
The use of ultrathin solid foils offers optimal conditions for accelerating protons from laser-matter interactions. When the target is thin enough that relativistic self-induced transparency (RSIT) sets in, all of the target electrons get heated to high energies by the laser, which maximizes the accelerating electric field and therefore the final ion energy. In this work, we first investigate how ion acceleration by ultraintense femtosecond laser pulses in transparent CH$_2$ solid foils is modified when turning from normal to oblique ($45^\circ$) incidence. Due to stronger electron heating, we find that higher proton energies can be obtained at oblique incidence but in thinner optimum targets. We then show that proton acceleration can be further improved by splitting the laser pulse into two half-pulses focused at opposite incidence angles. An increase by $\sim 30\,\%$ in the maximum proton energy and by a factor of $\sim 4$ in the high-energy proton charge is reported compared to the reference case of a single normally incident pulse.
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