超导体中电流的粒子和波同时性质的测量
Proposed measurement of simultaneous particle and wave properties of electric current in a superconductor
摘要：
在微观量子系统中，人们不能同时测量粒子和波的性质。然而，对于宏观量子系统，这可能不是真的。作为演示，我们建议测量通过超导体中的两个狭缝的局部宏观电流。根据基于线性化的宏观赝波函数的Ginzburg-Landau方程的理论，被测电流的流线应该具有与量子力学的玻姆解释中的粒子轨迹相同的形式。通过显式计算，我们发现流线应该表现出一种特征性的摆动，这是量子干涉的结果。
英文摘要：
In a microscopic quantum system one cannot perform a simultaneous measurement of particle and wave properties. This, however, may not be true for macroscopic quantum systems. As a demonstration, we propose to measure the local macroscopic current passed through two slits in a superconductor. According to the theory based on the linearized Ginzburg-Landau equation for the macroscopic pseudo wave function, the streamlines of the measured current should have the same form as particle trajectories in the Bohmian interpretation of quantum mechanics. By an explicit computation we find that the streamlines should show a characteristic wiggling, which is a consequence of quantum interference.
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