高麦草（Thinopyrum ponticum（Podp））在一个真正的农场背景下，一个可持续的多年生替代黑麦（Secale cereale L.）边际耕作
Tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp)) in a real farm context, a sustainable perennial alternative to rye (Secale cereale L.) cultivation in marginal lands
摘要：
为了在不造成土地占用可持续性冲突的情况下应对能源作物预期增长的需求，农民需要在粮食生产几乎不具有经济和环境可持续性的边缘农业地区找到可靠的替代品。这项工作的目的是研究在真正农场的边缘地区引进新的非粮食作物的可行性。本研究比较了种植高麦草的利润率和能源和环境性能，在一个农场与黑麦，一年生作物播种传统上在农场的边缘地区的边缘地区的一个农场。被引用的农场拥有300公顷土地，其中约13%是边际土地。该方法的基础上使用的利润率的作物作为经济评估和生命周期评估LCA的能源和环境评估技术的指标。经济分析结果显示，与黑麦145 Euro ha-1 y-1相比，高冰草156 Euro ha-1 y-1的利润率略有提高。由于土壤有机质增加和高冰草投入消耗减少，高冰草产生的全球升温潜能值为-1.9 Mg CO2 eq ha-1 y-1，而黑麦为1.6 Mg CO2 eq ha-1 y-1，因此，高冰草的CO2固定作用驱动了环境LCA。高冰草栽培的一次能源消耗低于黑麦的40%。根据所取得的结果，得出的结论是，高冰草是更好的选择比黑麦从能源和环境的角度和略好的选择从经济的角度来看。考虑到这些结果，与黑麦相比，高冰草的CO2当量减少的货币化对于提高其利润率和促进这种新作物在农场边缘地区的种植至关重要。
英文摘要：
In order to face the expected increasing demand of energy crops without creating conflicts of land occupation sustainability, farmers need to find reliable alternatives in marginal agricultural areas where the production of food hardly ever is economically and environmentally sustainable. The purpose of this work was the study of the viability of the introduction of new non food crops in marginal areas of real farms. This study compares the profit margin and the energy and environmental performance of growing tall wheatgrass, in the marginal area of a rainfed farm versus rye, the annual crop sowed traditionally in the marginal area of the farm. The cited farm owned 300 ha of which about 13 percent was marginal. The methodology was based on the use of the profit margin of the crops as indicator for the economic assessment and Life Cycle Assessment LCA as technique for the energy and the environmental evaluations. Results of the economic analysis showed a slight enhancement of the profit margin for tall wheatgrass 156 Euro ha-1 y-1 compared to rye 145 Euro ha-1 y-1. Environmental LCA was driven by CO2 fixation due to soil organic matter increase and reduced inputs consumption for tall wheatgrass that produced a Global Warming Potential GWP of -1.9 Mg CO2 eq ha-1 y-1 versus 1.6 Mg CO2 eq ha-1 y-1 obtained for rye. Tall wheatgrass cultivation primary energy consumption was less than 40 percent of rye s consumption. According to the results achieved it was concluded that tall wheatgrass is better option than rye from the energy and the environmental point of views and slight better option from the economic view. Considering these results, monetarization of the CO2 eq reductions of tall wheatgrass compared to rye is essential to improve its profit margin and promote the implantation of this new crop in marginal areas of farms.
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