arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2003.13176cond-mat.softcond-mat.stat-mech
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非互易相变

Non-reciprocal phase transitions

Michel Fruchart, Ryo Hanai, Peter B. Littlewood, Vincenzo Vitelli

摘要:

在不平衡的情况下,缺乏互惠是一种规则,而不是例外。例如,在神经元网络、界面的定向生长和合成活性材料中发生非互易相互作用。虽然波在非互易介质中的传播最近得到了深入的研究,但对非互易性对多体系统集体行为的影响知之甚少。在这里,我们表明,非互易性导致随时间变化的阶段,自发打破对称性动态恢复。由此产生的相变是由称为例外点的光谱奇点控制的。我们描述了这些阶段的出现,使用分歧理论和非厄米量子力学的见解。我们的方法捕捉非互惠的概括的三个原型类的自组织的平衡:同步,群集和斑图形成。这些非互易系统中的集体现象从活跃的时间(准)晶体到异常点强制图案形成和滞后。我们的工作铺平了道路,在非互惠物质的临界现象的一般理论。

英文摘要:

Out of equilibrium, the lack of reciprocity is the rule rather than the exception. Non-reciprocal interactions occur, for instance, in networks of neurons, directional growth of interfaces, and synthetic active materials. While wave propagation in non-reciprocal media has recently been under intense study, less is known about the consequences of non-reciprocity on the collective behavior of many-body systems. Here, we show that non-reciprocity leads to time-dependent phases where spontaneously broken symmetries are dynamically restored. The resulting phase transitions are controlled by spectral singularities called exceptional points. We describe the emergence of these phases using insights from bifurcation theory and non-Hermitian quantum mechanics. Our approach captures non-reciprocal generalizations of three archetypal classes of self-organization out of equilibrium: synchronization, flocking and pattern formation. Collective phenomena in these non-reciprocal systems range from active time-(quasi)crystals to exceptional-point enforced pattern-formation and hysteresis. Our work paves the way towards a general theory of critical phenomena in non-reciprocal matter.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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