非局部但整体电中性限制电解质介质中的电压分布：在纳米生理学中的应用
Voltage distribution in a non-locally but globally electroneutral confined electrolyte medium: applications for nanophysiology
摘要：
亚微米细胞域中的电压分布仍然知之甚少。在神经元中，电压是由泵和交换器持续维持的离子浓度的差异引起的。然而，尚不清楚如何通过过量的快速移动的正离子来维持电中性，这些正离子应该通过缓慢扩散的带负电荷的蛋白质来平衡。本文利用电扩散理论，研究了由两个同心圆（分别为100 μ m和100 μ m）组成的一般畴内的电压分布。球）在两个（resp.三维），其中负电荷固定在内域中。当全球而不是本地的电中性被保持，我们解决泊松-能斯特-普朗克方程的解析和数值在1维（平面）和2（圆柱形），并发现，电压变化相当大的空间尺度上，这是远远大于德拜屏蔽长度，假设电中性。目前的结果表明，远程电压降的变化，预计在神经元微区室，可能相关的解释激活遥远的电压门控通道位于表面上。
英文摘要：
The distribution of voltage in sub-micron cellular domains remains poorly understood. In neurons, the voltage results from the difference in ionic concentrations which are continuously maintained by pumps and exchangers. However, it not clear how electro-neutrality could be maintained by an excess of fast moving positive ions that should be counter balanced by slow diffusing negatively charged proteins. Using the theory of electro-diffusion, we study here the voltage distribution in a generic domain, which consists of two concentric disks (resp. ball) in two (resp. three) dimensions, where a negative charge is fixed in the inner domain. When global but not local electro-neutrality is maintained, we solve the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equation both analytically and numerically in dimension 1 (flat) and 2 (cylindrical) and found that the voltage changes considerably on a spatial scale which is much larger than the Debye screening length, which assumes electro-neutrality. The present result suggests that long-range voltage drop changes are expected in neuronal microcompartments, probably relevant to explain the activation of far away voltage-gated channels located on the surface.
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