石墨烯通过神经生长因子信号传导内体的局部停滞促进轴突伸长
Graphene promotes axon elongation through local stall of Nerve Growth Factor signaling endosomes
摘要：
一些研究报道了生长在石墨烯上的神经元细胞的分化增加;然而，驱动这种材料上轴突伸长的分子机制仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们研究了神经生长因子（NGF）的轴突运输，神经营养因子支持外周神经元的发育，作为石墨烯背根神经节神经元轴突伸长的时间过程中的关键球员。我们发现，石墨烯大大减少了逆行运输的NGF囊泡的数量，有利于在培养的前两天停滞的群体，其中观察到轴突伸长的增加。这与通过拉曼光谱和电生理记录观察到的相互电荷重新分布相关。此外，超微结构分析表明，减少微管距离和延长轴突拓扑结构。因此，电生理和结构效应都可以解释石墨烯对神经元发育的作用。解开这种相互作用下的分子玩家可能会为轴突再生应用开辟新的途径。
英文摘要：
Several works reported increased differentiation of neuronal cells grown on graphene; however, the molecular mechanism driving axon elongation on this material has remained elusive. Here, we study the axonal transport of nerve growth factor (NGF), the neurotrophin supporting development of peripheral neurons, as a key player in the time course of axonal elongation of dorsal root ganglion neurons on graphene. We find that graphene drastically reduces the number of retrogradely transported NGF vesicles in favor of a stalled population in the first two days of culture, in which the boost of axon elongation is observed. This correlates with a mutual charge redistribution, observed via Raman spectroscopy and electrophysiological recordings. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis indicates a reduced microtubule distance and an elongated axonal topology. Thus, both electrophysiological and structural effects can account for graphene action on neuron development. Unraveling the molecular players underneath this interplay may open new avenues for axon regeneration applications.
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