人工湿地微生物燃料电池流路污染物去除及细菌活性增强
Contaminants removal and bacterial activity enhancement along the flow path of constructed wetland microbial fuel cells
摘要：
微生物燃料电池在人工湿地（CW-MFC），虽然一个相对较新的技术仍在研究中，已被证明可以提高城市污水的处理效率。到目前为止，绝大多数研究的CW-MFC系统被设计为在相当不现实的水力条件下使用合成废水工作的实验室规模的系统。这项工作的主要目标是量化CW-MFC的性能在不同的条件下运行，在一个更现实的设置使用中尺度系统与水平流与真正的城市污水进料。测试的操作条件是有机负荷率（4.9 ± 1.6、6.7 ± 1.4和13.6 ± 3.2gCOD/m2.day）和水力状态（连续与间歇进料）以及不同的电连接：CW控制（没有电极的常规CW）、开路CW-MFC（阳极和阴极之间的外部电路未连接）和闭路CW-MFC（外部电路连接）。八个水平地下流CW运行了大约四个月。每个湿地由一个0.193 m2的PVC蓄水池组成，蓄水池内填充4/8 mm花岗岩河砾石。所有湿地都有砾石和间隙液采样的中间采样点。CW-MFC被设计为沿CW的流动路径一个接一个地并入的三个MFC。结果表明，测试的有机负荷率，水力制度或电气连接之间没有显着差异，但是，平均而言，在连续流下的闭路CW-MFC模式下运行的系统优于其他实验条件。闭路CW-MFC相比，传统的CW控制系统表现出约5%和22%的COD和铵去除率，分别。相应地，总体细菌活性，如通过荧光素二乙酸酯技术测量的，在闭路系统中比CW控制系统更高（4%至34%）。
英文摘要：
Microbial fuel cells implemented in constructed wetlands (CW-MFCs), albeit a relatively new technology still under study, have shown to improve treatment efficiency of urban wastewater. So far the vast majority of CW-MFC systems investigated were designed as lab-scale systems working under rather unrealistic hydraulic conditions using synthetic wastewater. The main objective of this work was to quantify CW-MFCs performance operated under different conditions in a more realistic setup using meso-scale systems with horizontal flow fed with real urban wastewater. Operational conditions tested were organic loading rate (4.9+-1.6, 6.7+-1.4 and 13.6+-3.2 g COD/m2.day) and hydraulic regime (continuous vs intermittent feeding) as well as different electrical connections: CW control (conventional CW without electrodes), open-circuit CW-MFC (external circuit between anode and cathode not connected) and closed-circuit CW-MFC (external circuit connected). Eight horizontal subsurface flow CWs were operated for about four months. Each wetland consisted of a PVC reservoir of 0.193 m2 filled with 4/8 mm granitic riverine gravel. All wetlands had intermediate sampling points for gravel and interstitial liquid sampling. The CW-MFCs were designed as three MFCs incorporated one after the other along the flow path of the CWs. Results showed no significant differences between tested organic loading rates, hydraulic regimes or electrical connections, however, on average, systems operated in closed-circuit CW-MFC mode under continuous flow outperformed the other experimental conditions. Closed-circuit CW-MFC compared to conventional CW control systems showed around 5% and 22% higher COD and ammonium removal, respectively. Correspondingly, overall bacteria activity, as measured by the fluorescein diacetate technique, was higher (4% to 34%) in closed-circuit systems when compared to CW control systems.
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