光学turbulence轮廓结构和演变对ELT层析重建的限制
Limitations imposed by optical turbulence profile structure and evolution on tomographic reconstruction for the ELT
摘要：
层析成像自适应光学系统的性能与光学湍流的垂直分布有着内在的联系。首先，必须重建足够数量的离散湍流层以模拟真实的连续湍流剖面。其次，在观测过程中，望远镜看到的轮廓发生变化，断层重建器必须更新。这些变化可能是由于湍流层在短至分钟的气象时间尺度上不可预测的演变。在这里，我们调查的影响，不断变化的大气条件对层析重建的质量耦合快速分析自适应光学模拟到一个大型数据库的10 691高分辨率湍流轮廓测量超过两年的ESO帕拉纳尔，智利的立体SCIDAR仪器。这项工作是第一次调查，这些影响与一个大的，统计上显着的样本湍流配置文件。该研究的统计性质使我们不仅可以评估一组系统参数（例如层数，时间更新周期）的断层成像误差的退化和变化，而且还可以评估满足某些误差阈值所需的参数。在轮廓快速变化的最具挑战性的条件下，这些参数必须受到更严格的约束，以满足该阈值。通过提供这些限制的估计，为广泛的系统几何形状，以及不同的时间优化策略的影响，我们可以帮助设计师的断层AO的ELT尺寸他们的系统。
英文摘要：
The performance of tomographic adaptive optics systems is intrinsically linked to the vertical profile of optical turbulence. Firstly, a sufficient number of discrete turbulent layers must be reconstructed to model the true continuous turbulence profile. Secondly over the course of an observation, the profile as seen by the telescope changes and the tomographic reconstructor must be updated. These changes can be due to the unpredictable evolution of turbulent layers on meteorological timescales as short as minutes. Here we investigate the effect of changing atmospheric conditions on the quality of tomographic reconstruction by coupling fast analytical adaptive optics simulation to a large database of 10 691 high resolution turbulence profiles measured over two years by the Stereo-SCIDAR instrument at ESO Paranal, Chile. This work represents the first investigation of these effects with a large, statistically significant sample of turbulence profiles. The statistical nature of the study allows us to assess not only the degradation and variability in tomographic error with a set of system parameters (e.g. number of layers, temporal update period) but also the required parameters to meet some error threshold. In the most challenging conditions where the profile is rapidly changing, these parameters must be far more tightly constrained in order to meet this threshold. By providing estimates of these constraints for a wide range of system geometries as well as the impact of different temporal optimisation strategies we may assist the designers of tomographic AO for the ELT to dimension their systems.
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