关于末次零点过程及其在公司破产中的应用
On the last zero process with an application in corporate bankruptcy
AI总结:
本文研究谱负Lévy过程末次低于零水平的时间过程,推导其Itô公式与生成元,并基于正负游程给出路径泛函表示,进而解决相关最优停止问题并应用于公司破产。
摘要:
对于谱负Lévy过程$X$,考虑$g_t$,即在时间$t\geq 0$之前$X$最后一次低于零水平的时间。我们使用Lévy过程的扰动方法,推导出三维过程$\{(g_t,t, X_t), t\geq 0 \}$的Itô公式及其无穷小生成元。此外,令$U_t:=t-g_t$表示当前正游程的长度,我们推导出一个一般公式,该公式允许我们根据过程$X$的正游程和负游程来计算$(U, X)=\{(U_t, X_t),t\geq 0\}$整条路径的泛函。作为推论,我们得到了$(U_{\mathbf{e}_q}, X_{\mathbf{e}_q})$的联合Laplace变换,其中$\mathbf{e}_q$是一个独立的指数时间,以及过程$(U, X)$的q-位势测度。进一步地,利用上述结果,我们找到了一个依赖于$(U, X)$的一般最优停止问题的解,并将其应用于公司破产问题。最后,我们按照Baurdoux和Pedraza (2024)的方法,建立了$g_{\infty}$的最优预测与关于$(U, X)$的最优停止问题之间的联系。
英文摘要:
For a spectrally negative Lévy process $X$, consider $g_t$, the last time $X$ is below the level zero before time $t\geq 0$. We use a perturbation method for Lévy processes to derive an Itô formula for the three-dimensional process $\{(g_t,t, X_t), t\geq 0 \}$ and its infinitesimal generator. Moreover, with $U_t:=t-g_t$, the length of a current positive excursion, we derive a general formula that allows us to calculate a functional of the whole path of $ (U, X)=\{(U_t, X_t),t\geq 0\}$ in terms of the positive and negative excursions of the process $X$. As a corollary, we find the joint Laplace transform of $(U_{\mathbf{e}_q}, X_{\mathbf{e}_q})$, where $\mathbf{e}_q$ is an independent exponential time, and the q-potential measure of the process $(U, X)$. Furthermore, using the results mentioned above, we find a solution to a general optimal stopping problem depending on $(U, X)$ with an application in corporate bankruptcy. Lastly, we establish a link between the optimal prediction of $g_{\infty}$ and optimal stopping problems in terms of $(U, X)$ as per Baurdoux and Pedraza (2024).
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