在数据中心性能中，唯一不变的是变化
In Datacenter Performance, The Only Constant Is Change
摘要：
所有计算基础设施都存在性能可变性，无论是裸机还是虚拟化。这种现象源于许多来源：一些是暂时的，例如嘈杂的邻居，而其他则是更永久但突然的，例如硬件的变化或磨损，底层管理程序堆栈的变化，甚至是计算资源提供商的策略与活动工作负载之间的未记录交互。因此，在云、HPC设施以及更一般的数据中心环境上获得的性能测量几乎保证表现出随时间演变的性能机制，这导致应用性能中的不期望的非平稳性。在本文中，我们提出了我们对CloudLab测试平台上可用的裸金属硬件的性能分析，我们专注于使用变点检测来量化不断变化的性能机制。我们描述了我们的研究结果，该结果由一个数据集支持，该数据集在2年零9个月的时间内从1600多台机器中收集了近690万个基准测试结果。这些研究结果产生一个全面的表征，在一个计算设施，用于研究其他基础设施上的这种模式的方法，在现实世界中的性能变化模式，并有助于更好地了解一般的性能变化。
英文摘要：
All computing infrastructure suffers from performance variability, be it bare-metal or virtualized. This phenomenon originates from many sources: some transient, such as noisy neighbors, and others more permanent but sudden, such as changes or wear in hardware, changes in the underlying hypervisor stack, or even undocumented interactions between the policies of the computing resource provider and the active workloads. Thus, performance measurements obtained on clouds, HPC facilities, and, more generally, datacenter environments are almost guaranteed to exhibit performance regimes that evolve over time, which leads to undesirable nonstationarities in application performance. In this paper, we present our analysis of performance of the bare-metal hardware available on the CloudLab testbed where we focus on quantifying the evolving performance regimes using changepoint detection. We describe our findings, backed by a dataset with nearly 6.9M benchmark results collected from over 1600 machines over a period of 2 years and 9 months. These findings yield a comprehensive characterization of real-world performance variability patterns in one computing facility, a methodology for studying such patterns on other infrastructures, and contribute to a better understanding of performance variability in general.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
