We study Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms of six-dimensional supersymmetric Abelian gauge theory compactified on a $T^2/Z_2$ orbifold. Such orbifold compactifications can lead to localized FI-terms and instability of bulk zero modes. We study 1-loop correction to FI-terms in more general geometry than the previous works. We find induced FI-terms depend on the complex structure of the compact space. We also find the complex structure of the torus can be stabilized at a specific value corresponding to a self-consistent supersymmetric minimum of the potential by such 1-loop corrections, which is applicable to the modulus stabilization.
We study magnetized orbifold models. We assume the localized Fayet-Iliopoulos terms and the corresponding gauge background. Such terms lead to strong localization of zero-mode wavefunc- tions. In this setup, we compute quark mass matrices.
We construct a supergravity-Maxwell theory with a novel embedding of the Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term, leading to spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The gauging of the R-symmetry is not required and a gravitino mass is allowed for a generic vacuum. When matter couplings are introduced, an uplift through a positive definite contribution to the scalar potential is obtained. We observe a notable similarity to the $\overline{D3}$ uplift constructions and we give a natural description in terms of constrained multiplets.
We study Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms of 5-dimensional supersymmetric $U(1)$ gauge theory compactified on $S^1/Z_2$. In this model, loop diagrams including matter hypermultiplets and brane chiral multiplets induce FI-terms localized at the fixed points. Localized FI-terms lead instabilities of bulk modes. The form of the induced FI-terms strictly depends on wave function profiles of matter multiplets. It is a non-trivial question whether the vacuum of 1-loop corrected potential is stable under radiative corrections. We investigate this issue and it is found that the stable configuration is obta…
We clarify a number of issues on Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms in supergravity, keeping the formalism at a minumum and making use of explicit examples. We explain why, if the U(1) vector is massive everywhere in field space, FI terms are not genuine and can always be redefined away or introduced when they are not present. We formulate a simple anomaly-free model with a genuine FI term, a classically stable de Sitter (dS) vacuum and no global symmetries. We explore the relation between N=2 and N=1 FI terms by discussing N=1 truncations of N=2 models with classically stable dS vacua.
A careful analysis of the Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) model shows that its energy momentum tensor and supersymmetry current are not gauge invariant. Since the corresponding charges are gauge invariant, the model is consistent. However, our observation about the currents gives a new perspective on its restrictive renormalization group flow and explains why FI-terms never appear in dynamical supersymmetry breaking. This lack of gauge invariance is at the root of the complications of coupling the model to supergravity. We show that this is possible only if the full supergravity theory (including all hi…
We show how the necessary constraints to project out all the components of a chiral superfield except for some scalar degrees of freedom originate from simple operators in the microscopic theory. This is in particular useful in constructing the simplest models of a goldstone boson/inflaton; or extracting the Standard Model Higgs doublet from a supersymmetric electroweak sector. We use the Fayet-Iliopoulos model as an example of the origin for the supersymmetry breaking. We consider the regime where both gauge symmetry and supersymmetry are spontaneously broken, leaving (in the decoupling limit…
As an extension of the recent construction of generalised Fayet-Iliopoulos terms in ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity given in [1], we present self-interactions for a vector multiplet coupled to conformal supergravity. They are used to construct new models for spontaneously broken local supersymmetry.
In this short note we discuss quantization of the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter in supergravity theories. We argue that in supergravity, the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter determines a lift of the group action to a line bundle, and such lifts are quantized. Just as D-terms in rigid N=1 supersymmetry are interpreted in terms of moment maps and symplectic reductions, we argue that in supergravity the quantization of the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter has a natural understanding in terms of linearizations in geometric invariant theory (GIT) quotients, the algebro-geometric version of symplectic quotients.
We study supersymmetric (SUSY) models derived from the ten-dimensional SUSY Yang- Mills theory compactified on magnetized orbifolds, with nonvanishing Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms induced by magnetic fluxes in extra dimensions. Allowing the presence of FI-terms relaxes a constraint on flux configurations in SUSY model building based on magnetized backgrounds. In this case, charged fields develop their vacuum expectation values (VEVs) to cancel the FI-terms in the D-flat directions of fluxed gauge symmetries, which break the gauge symmetries and lead to a SUSY vacuum. Based on this idea, we prop…
We review the properties of the new type of Fayet-Iliopoulos terms that do not require the gauging of the R-symmetry when embedded in N=1 supergravity, and we discuss recent developments.
We consider ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric Born-Infeld actions that have a second non-linear supersymmetry. We focus on the model proposed by Bagger and Galperin and show that the breaking of the second supersymmetry is sourced by the new Fayet-Iliopoulos D-term. Interpreting such an action as the effective theory of a space-filling (anti) D3-brane leads to an expression for the new Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter in terms of the brane tension and $α'$.
Motivated by recent discussions, we revisit the issue of whether globally supersymmetric theories with non-zero Fayet-Iliopoulos terms may be consistently coupled to supergravity. In particular, we examine claims that a fundamental inconsistency arises due to the conflicting requirements which are imposed on the $R$-symmetry properties of the theory by the supergravity framework. We also prove that certain kinds of Fayet-Iliopoulos contributions to the supercurrent supermultiplets of theories with non-zero Fayet-Iliopoulos terms fail to exist. A key feature of our discussion is an explicit com…
We present a new type of Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms in ${\mathcal N}=2$ supergravity that do not require the gauging of the $R$-symmetry. We elaborate on the impact of such terms on the vacuum structure of the ${\mathcal N}=2$ theory and compare their properties with the standard Fayet-Iliopoulos terms that arise from gaugings. In particular, we show that, with the use of the new FI terms, models with a single physical ${\mathcal N}=2$ vector multiplet can be constructed that give stable de Sitter vacua.
We exactly compute the partition function for $U(2)_k\times U(2)_{-k}$ ABJM theory on $\mathbb S^3$ deformed by mass $m$ and Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter $ζ$. For $k=1,2$, the partition function has an infinite number of Lee-Yang zeros. For general $k$, in the decompactification limit the theory exhibits a quantum (first-order) phase transition at $m=2ζ$.
Recently, a new type of constant Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms was introduced in $\mathcal{N}=1$ supergravity, which do not require the gauging of the $R$-symmetry. We revisit and generalise these constructions, building a new class of Kähler invariant FI terms parametrised by a function of the gravitino mass as functional of the chiral superfields, which is then used to describe new models of inflation. They are based on a no-scale supergravity model of the inflaton chiral multiplet, supplemented by an abelian vector multiplet with the new FI-term. We show that the inflaton potential is compati…
Recently there has appeared in the literature a sequence of papers questioning the consistency of supergravity coupled to Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. A key feature of these arguments is a demonstration that the conventional superspace stress tensor fails to be gauge invariant. We briefly show here how this can be understood as defining the stress tensor in a non-covariant Brans-Dicke frame in an underlying superconformal theory. When converted to the Einstein frame, the inconsistency vanishes, which is consistent with the emergence of a global symmetry discussed in these papers.
We study the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) action with one linear and one non-linear supersymmetry in the presence of a constant Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) D-term added explicitly or through a deformation of supersymmetry transformations. The linear supersymmetry appears to be spontaneously broken since the D auxiliary field gets a non-vanishing vacuum expectation value and an extra term proportional to the FI parameter involving fermions emerges in the non-linear formulation of the action written recently. However in this note, we show that on-shell this action is equivalent to a standard supersymmetric…
The N = 1 supersymmetric Born-Infeld action is known to describe the vector Goldstone multiplet for partially broken N = 2 rigid supersymmetry, and this model is believed to be unique. However, it can be deformed by adding the Fayet-Iliopoulos term without losing the second nonlinearly realized supersymmetry. Although the first supersymmetry then becomes spontaneously broken, the deformed action still describes partial N = 2 to N = 1 supersymmetry breaking. The unbroken supercharges in this theory correspond to a different choice of N = 1 subspace in the N = 2 superspace, as compared with the …
We explicitly compute the component action of certain recently discovered new $\mathcal{N} = 1$ supergravity actions which enlarge the space of scalar potentials allowed by supersymmetry and also contain fermionic interaction terms that become singular when supersymmetry is unbroken. They are the "Liberated Supergravity" introduced by Farakos, Kehagias and Riotto, and supergravities with a new Kahler-invariant Fayet-Iliopoulos term proposed by Antoniadis, Chatrabhuti, Isono, and Knoops. This paper is complementary to our previous papers [Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021), 025008 and 105006], in which n…
We examine the consequences of recent developments on Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms for D-term inflationary models. There is currently no known way to couple constant FI terms to supergravity consistently; only field-dependent FI terms are allowed. These are natural in string theory and we argue that the FI term in D3/D7 inflation turns out to be of this type, corresponding to a pseudo-anomalous U(1). T he anomaly is canceled by the Green-Schwarz mechanism in 4 dimensions. Inflation proceeds as usual, except that the scale is set by the GS parameter. Cosmic strings resulting from a pseudo-anomal…
We propose a four-dimensional N = 1 supergravity-based Starobinsky-type inflationary model in terms of a single massive vector multiplet, whose action includes the Dirac-Born-Infeld-type kinetic terms and a generalized (new) Fayet-Iliopolulos-type term without gauging the R-symmetry. The bosonic action and the scalar potential are computed. Inflaton is the superpartner of goldstino in our model, and supersymmetry is spontaneously broken after inflation by the D-type mechanism, whose scale is related to the value of the cosmological constant.
We revisit the supermultiplet structure of Noether currents for N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories. Using superfield identities and the field equations we show how to derive a superfield equation for the divergences of the Noether currents in terms of the supercurrent and anomaly superfields containing 16_B+16_F components. We refer to this as the natural supercurrent structure as it is invariant under all local symmetries of the theory. It corresponds to the S-multiplet of Komargodski and Seiberg. We clarify the on/off-shell nature of the currents appearing in this multiplet and we study in de…
We describe how the geometry of the Higgs branch of 5d superconformal field theories is transformed under movement along the extended Coulomb branch. Working directly with the (unitary) magnetic quiver, we demonstrate a correspondence between Fayet-Iliopoulos deformations in 3d and 5d mass deformations. When the Higgs branch has multiple cones, characterised by a collection of magnetic quivers, the mirror map is not globally well-defined, however we are able to utilize the correspondence to establish a local version of mirror symmetry. We give several detailed examples of deformations, includi…
We embed a new three-form vector multiplet in ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity and we show that it can be used to generate dynamically the Hilbert--Einstein term. We then recast the theory into the standard Freedman model and we argue that a pure Fayet--Iliopoulos term is in tension with the weak gravity conjecture. Finally, we couple the three-form to a super-membrane and study BPS domain walls within matter-coupled supergravity. In these models, the Planck mass takes different values on the domain wall sides.
Two of the most attractive realizations of inflation in supergravity are based upon the presence of a constant Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term. In D-term hybrid inflation it is the FI term itself which sets the energy scale of inflation. Alternatively, the breaking of a U(1) symmetry induced by the FI term can dynamically generate the quadratic potential of chaotic inflation. The purpose of this note is to study the possible UV embedding of these schemes in terms of the `field-dependent FI term' related to a string modulus field which is stabilized by a non-perturbative superpotential. We find that…
Starting from an Abelian ${\cal N}=1$ vector supermultiplet $V$ coupled to conformal supergravity, we construct from it a nilpotent real scalar Goldstino superfield $\mathfrak V$ of the type proposed in arXiv:1702.02423. It contains only two independent component fields, the Goldstino and the auxiliary $D$-field. The important properties of this Goldstino superfield are: (i) it is gauge invariant; and (ii) it is super-Weyl invariant. As a result, the gauge prepotential can be represented as $V={\cal V} +\mathfrak V$, where $\cal V$ contains only one independent component field, modulo gauge de…
In this paper we discuss quantization of the Fayet-Iliopoulos parameter in supergravity theories with altered nonperturbative sectors, which were recently used to argue a fractional quantization condition. Nonlinear sigma models with altered nonperturbative sectors are the same as nonlinear sigma models on special stacks known as gerbes. After reviewing the existing results on such theories in two dimensions, we discuss examples of gerby moduli `spaces' appearing in four-dimensional field theory and string compactifications, and the effect of various dualities. We discuss global topological de…
We find a new class of N=1 no-scale supergravity models with F- and D-term supersymmetry breaking, using a new Fayet-Iliopoulos term. The minimal setup contains one U(1) vector multiplet and one neutral chiral multiplet parametrizing SL(2,R)/U(1) manifold, with constant superpotential and linear gauge kinetic function. In our construction the FI term is field-dependent, and one can obtain flat vanishing potential (Minkowski vacuum) with broken SUSY, and global SL(2,R) invariance (self-duality) of the bosonic equations of motion. The spectrum of the model includes a massive spin-1/2 field as we…
We classify the critical points of the effective black hole potential which governs the attractor mechanism taking place at the horizon of static dyonic extremal black holes in $\mathcal{N}=2$, $D=4$ Maxwell-Einstein supergravity with $U(1)$ Fayet-Iliopoulos gaugings. We use a manifestly symplectic covariant formalism, and we consider both spherical and hyperbolic horizons, recognizing the relevant sub-classes to which some representative examples belong. We also exploit projective special Kähler geometry of vector multiplets scalar manifolds, the $U$-duality-invariant quartic structure (and 2…
We analyse the consequences of a new gauge invariant Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term proposed recently to a class of inflation models driven by supersymmetry breaking with the inflaton being the superpartner of the goldstino. We first show that charged matter fields can be consistently added with the new term, as well as the standard FI term in supergravity in a Kähler frame where the $U(1)$ is not an R-symmetry. We then show that the slow-roll conditions can be easily satisfied with inflation driven by a D-term depending on the two FI parameters. Inflation starts at initial conditions around the m…
We propose a geometric method to study the residual symmetries in $N=2$, $d=4$ $\text{U}(1)$ Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) gauged supergravity. It essentially involves the stabilization of the symplectic vector of gauge couplings (FI parameters) under the action of the U-duality symmetry of the ungauged theory. In particular we are interested in those transformations that act non-trivially on the solutions and produce scalar hair and dyonic black holes from a given seed. We illustrate the procedure for finding this group in general and then show how it works in some specific models. For the prepotenti…
Subject to some relatively mild assumptions, we derive the complete form of all timelike half-supersymmetric solutions to N=2, D=4 gauged supergravity coupled to an arbitrary number of abelian vector multiplets. This is done using spinorial geometry techniques. Explicit examples are given for a simple prepotential. Among the solutions, there are near-horizon geometries of extremal rotating BPS black holes still to be discovered, with a nontrivial dependence of the scalar fields on one of the horizon coordinates.
The U(1) vector multiplet theory with the Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term is one of the oldest and simplest models for spontaneously broken rigid supersymmetry. Lifting the FI term to supergravity requires gauged $R$-symmetry, as was first demonstrated in 1977 by Freedman within ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity. There exists an alternative to the standard FI mechanism, which is reviewed in this conference paper. It is obtained by replacing the FI model with a manifestly gauge-invariant action such that its functional form is determined by two arbitrary real functions of a single complex variable. One of t…
We explore the construction of supersymmetric solutions of theories of N=2,d=4 supergravity with a SU(2) gauging and SU(2) Fayet-Iliopoulos terms. In these theories an SU(2) isometry subgroup of the Special Kahler manifold is gauged together with a SU(2) R-symmetry subgroup. We construct several solutions of the CP3 quadratic model directly in four dimensions and of the ST[2,6] model by dimensional reduction of the solutions found by Cariglia and Mac Conamhna in N=(1,0),d=6 supergravity with the same kind of gauging. In the CP3 model, we construct an AdS2xS2 solution which is only 1/8 BPS and …
