We determine the leading Fock state light front wave functions (LFWFs) of the pion and kaon via light front projections of the covariant Bethe-Salpeter wave function. Using these LFWFs we study the multi-dimensional images of the valence quarks in the pion and kaon that are provided by their generalized parton distribution functions (GPDs) and transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). Moments of the GPDs are taken to obtain the electromagnetic and gravitational form factors of the pion and kaon, and comparisons to available experimental and lattice data are made. Highlights from this study include predictions that the mean-squared impact parameter for the quarks in the pion and kaon are: $\langle \vec{b}_T^2\rangle_{u}^π=0.11$fm$^2$, $\langle \vec{b}_T^2\rangle_{s}^K=0.08$fm$^2$, and $\langle \vec{b}_T^2\rangle_{u}^K=0.13$fm$^2$, and therefore the $s$ quark in the kaon is much closer to the center of transverse momentum than the $u$ quark. From the electromagnetic and gravitational form factors we find that the light-cone energy radii are about 60\% smaller than the light-cone charge radii for each quark sector in the pion and kaon. A quantitative measure of the importance of the leading Fock state is obtained via comparison with a full DSE calculation (containing an infinite tower of Fock states) for the pion form factor.
We review our recent description of high energy forward hadronic cross sections and in particular of pion scattering data by means of Regge theory. We obtain a prediction for the total proton-proton cross section at LHC. In addition, and contrary to some suggestions in the literature we show that standard Regge behavior can accommodate both crossing symmetry and factorization. Some consequences for low energy pion-pion scattering are briefly discussed.
We carry out a theoretical and Monte Carlo study on the $J/ψ$ decays into $ωππ$ and $K\bar{K}π$ through intermediate subthreshold $ρ$ meson by using SU(3)-symmetric Lagrangian approach. It is found that the subthreshold $ρ$ contribution is not negligible and may have significant influence on partial wave analysis of resonances in these channels, especially near the $ωπ$ and $K \bar{K}$ thresholds.
We have calculated the Bjorken-x dependence of the kaon and pion valence quark distributions in a statistical model. Each meson is described by a Fock state expansion in terms of quarks, antiquarks and gluons. Although Drell-Yan experiments have measured the pion valence quark distributions directly, the kaon valence quark distributions have only been deduced from the measurement of the ratio $\bar{u}_K(x)/\bar{u}_π(x)$. We show that, using no free parameters, our model predicts the decrease of this ratio with increasing x.
The interplay of strong and weak decay amplitudes for B -> pion-pion-kaon and B -> kaon-antikaon-kaon, with the pion-pion and kaon-antikaon pairs interacting in isospin-0 S-wave, is analyzed for pion-pion effective mass from threshold to 1.2 GeV. To improve agreement with experiment of a factorization approach with some QCD corrections, addition of long-distance contributions, called charming penguins is necessary.
In the present work the Mott effect for pions and kaons is described within a Beth- Uhlenbeck approach on the basis of the PNJL model. The contribution of these degrees of freedom to the thermodynamics is encoded in the temperature dependence of their phase shifts. A comparison with results from $N_f = 2 + 1$ lattice QCD thermodynamics is performed.
The pion-nucleon and kaon-nucleon scattering lengths are studied in the QCD sum rule. We show that the leading and next-to-leading order terms of the OPE give rise to the Tomozawa-Weinberg and sigma terms, respectively. We also show that in the kaon-nucleon system the $Λ(1405)$ contribution has to be subtracted from the OPE side in order to obtain the scattering length. The odd components of the $T$-matrices are in agreement with the experimental values not only in the pion-nucleon channel but also in the kaon-nucleon channel after the $Λ(1405)$ contribution subtracted. The even components dis…
In this work, we investigate the gluon distribution functions for the pion and kaon, in addition to the improved result of the valence-quark ones, in the gauge-invariant nonlocal chiral-quark model (NL$χ$QM), in which the momentum dependence of the quark interactions is properly taken into account. We then analyze the gluon distribution functions, generated dynamically through the splitting functions in the DGLAP QCD evolution. By comparing with the recent lattice QCD results and JAM global analyses, it is found that the present numerical results for the gluon parton distribution functions for…
We present new sets of pion, kaon, proton and inclusive charged hadron fragmentation functions obtained in NLO combined analyses of single-inclusive hadron production in electron-positron annihilation, proton-proton collisions, and deep-inelastic lepton-proton scattering with either particles identified in the final state. At variance with all previous fits, the present analyses take into account data where hadrons of different electrical charge are identified, which allow to discriminate quark from anti-quark fragmentation functions.
In this talk we present our recent studies for the unpolarized fragmentation functions for the pion and kaon, employing the nonlocal chiral quark model, which manifests the nonlocal interaction between the quarks and pseudoscalar mesons, in the light-cone frame. It turns out that the nonlocal interaction produces considerable differences in comparison to typical local-interaction models.
We investigate the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the pion and the kaon by combining quantum chromodynamics (QCD) evolution with the basis light front quantization. The initial PDFs result from the light front wave functions obtained by diagonalizing the effective Hamiltonian consisting of the holographic QCD confinement potential, a complementary longitudinal confinement potential, and the color-singlet Nambu--Jona-Lasinio interactions. The valence-quark PDF of the pion, after QCD evolution, is consistent with the result from the E-0615 experiment at Fermilab. Meanwhile, the pion str…
One of the biggest challenges in contemporary physics is understanding the origin and dynamics of the internal structure of hadrons which, at a fundamental level, is described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Taking great prominence amongst hadrons are pions and kaons which, despite being the lightest hadrons in nature, their very existence is intimately connected to those mechanisms responsible for almost all of the mass of the visible matter. In this manuscript we discuss many aspects of the pion and kaon structure via light front wave functions and generalized parton distributions, and a co…
We discuss a general diagrammatic description of n-point functions in the QCD instanton vacuum that resums planar diagrams, enforces gauge invariance and spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. We use these diagrammatic rules to derive the pion and kaon quasi-parton amplitude and distribution functions at leading order in the instanton packing fraction for large but finite momentum. The instanton and anti-instanton zero modes and non-zero modes are found to contribute to the quasi-distributions, but the latter are shown to drop out in the large momentum limit. The pertinent pion and kaon parton …
The CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider has recently presented data on the average transverse momentum of protons, kaons and pions as a function of particle multiplicity. We relate the particle multiplicity to saturation momentum using recently published computations of the interaction radius determined from the theory of the Color Glass Condensate. We show that the pp and the pA experimental data scale in terms of these saturation momenta. Computing transverse momentum spectra for identified particles using Boltzmann-type distributions and relating different associated multiplicities …
We present a coupled channel partial wave analysis of nondiffractive S-wave pi+ pi- and K+ K- photoproduction focusing on the KK threshold. Final state interactions are included. We calculate total cross sections, angular and effective mass distributions in both pion-pion and kaon-antikaon channels. Our results indicate that these processes are experimentally measurable and valuable information on the f0(980) resonance structure can be obtained.
Non-universality of color transparency onset in pion and kaon electroproduction
Center for Exotic Nuclear Studies, Institute for Basic Science（基础科学研究所奇异核研究中心）；Research Institute of Basic Science, Korea Aerospace University（韩国航空大学基础科学研究所）；Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Yonsei University（延世大学物理与工程物理系）
In this paper we study the gluon and valence quark distributions in the pion and kaon in nuclear medium for various nuclear densities as well as in vacuum within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model with the help of the proper-time regularization scheme which simulates a confinement of QCD. The nuclear medium effect is also determined in the same model for the symmetric nuclear matter. We then analyze the gluon and valence quark distributions for the bound pion and kaon in symmetric nuclear matter as well as those in vacuum. We find that the valence quark and gluon distributions in vacuum have …
Large Hadron Collider (LHC) had produced a vast amount of high precision data for high energy heavy ion collision. We attempt here to study (i) transverse momenta spectra, (ii) $K/π$, $p/π$ ratio behaviours, (iii)rapidity distribution, and (iv) the nuclear modification factors of the pion, kaon and antiproton produced in $p+p$ and $Pb+Pb$ collisions at energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV, on the basis of Sequential Chain Model (SCM). Comparisons of the model-based results with the measured data on these observables are generally found to be modestly satisfactory.
We investigate the unpolarized pion and kaon fragmentation functions, employing the nonlocal chiral-quark model, which manifests the nonlocal interactions between the quarks and pseudoscalar mesons, considering the explicit flavor-SU(3)-symmetry breaking in terms of the current-quark masses. Moreover, we study the quark-distribution functions, derived from the fragmentation ones with the Drell-Yan-Levi relation. Numerical results are evaluated to higher Q^2 by the DGLAP evolution and compared with the empirical data. The ratios between the relevant valance quark-distribution functions are also…
We analyze the phase diagram of a three-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature $T$ and chemical potentials $μ_u, μ_d, μ_s$. We study the competition of pion and kaon condensation and we propose a physical situation in which kaon condensation could be led only by light quark finite densities.
The only experimental information on the parton distribution of kaons was obtained from the scarce kaon-induced Drell-Yan cross section data. From these data, evidence for a valence $u$ quark distribution of kaon softer than that of pion was found. We study the feasibility to extract kaon's valence quark distribution via the existing kaon-induced J/psi production data. We compare the NA3 data on the K- / pi- and K+ / pi+ ratios for J/psi production on a platinum target with theoretical calculations based on the color-evaporation model. We show that the NA3 data on J/psi production provide an i…
A sharp peak in the $K^+/π^+$ ratio in relativistic heavy-ion collision is discussed in the framework of the SU(3) Polyakov-loop extended NJL model with vector interaction. In the model, the $K^+/π^+$ ratio was calculated along the chiral phase transition line for different values of the vector coupling $g_V$. We showed that the value of the vector coupling had no significant effect on the $K^+/π^+$ behaviour.
An analytically calculable model has been proposed recently for the simultaneous description of particle spectra and correlations, which is able to explain in a natural manner the $m_t$ scaling of the radius parameters of the Bose--Einstein correlation functions. We present here preliminary results on fitting this model to data sampled by NA44 collaboration in central S + Pb reactions at CERN SPS, which indicate that both pions and kaons freeze-out at a surprisingly low temperature of T approximately 108 MeV.
We perform a detailed Regge analysis of NN, pion-N and pion-pion scattering. From it, we find expressions that represent the pion-pion scattering amplitudes with an accuracy of a few percent, for exchange of isospin zero, and $\sim15%$ for exchange of isospin 1, and this for energies s^{1/2}> 1.4 GeV and for momentum transfers |t|^{1/2}< 0.4 GeV. These Regge formulas are perfectly compatible with the low energy (s^{1/2}< 1.4 GeV) scattering amplitudes deduced from pion-pion phase shift analyses as well as with higher energy (s^{1/2}>1.4 GeV) experimental pion-pion cross sections. They are also…
The separate quark flavour contributions to the pion and kaon valence quark distribution functions are studied, along with the corresponding electromagnetic form factors in the space-like region. The calculations are made using the solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation for the model of Nambu and Jona-Lasinio with proper-time regularization. Both the pion and kaon form factors and the valence quark distribution functions reproduce many of the features of the available empirical data. The larger mass if the strange quark naturally explains the empirical fact that the ratio $u_{K^+}(x)/u_{π^+}(…
We study the low $Q^2$ wave-functions of pions and kaons as an expansion in terms of hadron-like Fock state fluctuations. In this formalism, pion and kaon wave-functions are related one another. Consequently, the knowledge of the pion structure allows the determination of parton distributions in kaons. In addition, we show that the intrinsic (low $Q^2$) sea of pions and kaons are different due to their different valence quark structure. Finally, we analize the feasibility of a method to extract kaon's parton distribution functions within this approach and compare with available experimental da…
The shapes of invariant differential cross section for identified pi,K, p and pbar production as function of transverse momentum measured in pp collisions by the PHENIX detector are analyzed. Simultaneous fit of these data to the sum of exponential and power-law terms show significant difference in the exponential term contributions. This effect qualitatively explains the observed shape of the experimental K/pi and p/pi yield ratios measured as function of transverse momentum of produced hadrons. A picture with two types of mechanisms for hadron production is given.
In this presentation, we briefly review recent investigations on pion and kaon structures from the instanton vacuum. Starting from the low-energy QCD partition function, we have computed the Gasser-Leutwyler low-energy constants, electromagnetic form factors of the pion and kaon, semileptonic decay form factors of the kaon, and light-cone distribution amplitues of the pion and kaon. The results are in good agreement with the experimental and empirical data.
We present the first lattice-QCD calculation of the kaon valence-quark distribution functions using the large-momentum effective theory (LaMET) approach. The calculation is performed with multiple pion masses with the lightest one around 220 MeV, 2 lattice spacings $a=0.06$ and 0.12 fm, $(M_π)_\text{min} L \approx 5.5$, and high statistics ranging from 11,600 to 61,312 measurements. We also calculate the valence-quark distribution of pion and find it to be consistent with the FNAL E615 experimental results, and our ratio of the $u$ quark PDF in the kaon to that in the pion agrees with the CERN…
Inclusive cross section for pion production in proton - proton collisions are calculated based on unintegrated parton distribution functions (uPDFs). In addition to purely gluonic terms the present approach includes also quark degrees of freedom. Phenomenological fragmentation functions from the literature are used. The new mechanisms are responsible for $π^+$ - $π^-$ asymmetry. In contrast to standard collinear approach, application of 2 $\to$ 1 $k_t$ - factorization approach can be extended towards much lower transverse momenta, both at mid and forward rapidity region. The results of the cal…
In-medium valence-quark distributions of $π^+$ and $K^+$ mesons in symmetric nuclear matter are studied by combining the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model and the quark-meson coupling model. The in-medium properties of the current quarks, which are used as inputs for studying the in-medium pion and kaon properties in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model, are calculated within the quark-meson coupling model. The light-quark condensates, light-quark dynamical masses, pion and kaon decay constants, and pion- and kaon-quark coupling constants are found to decrease as nuclear density increases. The obtained valen…
We consider strong and electromagnetic isospin violation in near-threshold pion-kaon scattering. At tree level, such effects are small for all physical channels. We work out the complete one-loop corrections to the process pi^- K^+ -> pi^0 K^0. They come out rather small. We also show that the corresponding radiative cross section is highly suppressed at threshold.
We review our recent analysis of $πK$ scattering data in terms of forward dispersion relations, and also present the parameters of the strange resonances. This work consists of fits to the data that are constrained to satisfy analyticity requirements. The method yields a set of simple and consistent parameterizations that are compatible with forward dispersion relations up to 1.6 GeV while still describing the data. We also obtain the pole parameters of the $K^*_0(800)$ and the $K^*(892)$ resonances.
We present a detailed assessment of uncertainties in parton-to-pion and parton-to-kaon fragmentation functions obtained in recent global QCD analyses of single-inclusive hadron production data at next-to-leading order accuracy. We use the robust Lagrange multiplier approach for determining uncertainties to validate the applicability of the simpler but approximate Hessian method. Extensive comparisons of the results obtained within both methods are presented for the individual parton-to-pion and kaon fragmentation functions. We provide Hessian eigenvector sets of pion and kaon fragmentation fun…
We discuss the rescattering effects in decays $B\to π+K$. The picture we take is very simple: first, B decay into $K*ρ$, then $K*$ and $ρ$ go to kaon and pion by exchanging a pion. We find a up to ten percent CP violation asymmetry rate. We also discuss its correction to the constraint of angle $γ$ proposed recently.
We study S- and P-wave pion-pion and kaon-pion distributions for the three-body production processes $J/ψ\toωπ^{+}π^{-}$, $D^{+}\to K^{-}π^{+}π^{+}$, $D^{+}\to K^{+}π^{+}π^{-}$, and $D^{+}_{s}\to K^{+}π^{+}π^{-}$, by applying the Resonance-Spectrum Expansion to the two-body subamplitudes. The results are compared to the corresponding signals reported by the BES, E791 and FOCUS collaborations. We find that the studied S- and P-wave channels can largely account for the observed structures in the data up to 1 GeV.
Light constituent quark masses and the corresponding dynamical quark masses are determined by data, the quark-level linear sigma model, and infrared QCD. This allows to define effective nonstrange and strange current quark masses, which reproduce the experimental pion and kaon masses very accurately, by simple additivity. In contrast, the usual nonstrange and strange current quarks employed by the Particle Data Group and Chiral Perturbation Theory do not allow a straightforward quantitative explanation of the pion and kaon masses.
We present a calculation of the connected-diagram contributions to the first three non-trivial Mellin moments for the pion and kaon, extracted using local operators with up to 3 covariant derivatives. We use one ensemble of gauge configurations with two degenerate light, a strange and a charm quark ($N_f$=2+1+1) of maximally twisted mass fermions with clover improvement. The ensemble has a pion mass $\sim$260 MeV, and a kaon mass $\sim$530 MeV. We reconstruct the $x$-dependence of the PDFs via fits to our results, and find that our lattice data favor a $(1-x)^2$-behavior in the large-$x$ regio…
We calculate the Collins fragmentation function in the framework of a spectator model with pseudoscalar pion-quark coupling and a Gaussian form factor at the vertex. We determine the model parameters by fitting the unpolarized fragmentation function for pions and kaons. We show that the Collins function for the pions in this model is in reasonable agreement with recent parametrizations obtained by fits of the available data. In addition, we compute for the first time the Collins function for the kaons.
We study the contributions from the connected and disconnected contraction diagrams to the pion-kaon scattering amplitude within the framework of SU$(4|1)$ partially-quenched chiral perturbation theory. Combining this with a finite-volume analysis, we demonstrate that a lattice calculation of the easier computable connected correlation functions is able to provide valuable information of the noisier disconnected correlation functions, and may serve as a theory guidance for the future refinement of the corresponding lattice techniques.
We discuss the pion and kaon distribution amplitudes up to twist-3 in the context of the random instanton vacuum (RIV). We construct explicitly the pertinent quasi-pion and quasi-kaon distributions in the RIV, and analyze them in leading order in the diluteness factor, at a resolution fixed by the inverse instanton size. The distribution amplitudes (DA) follow from the large momentum limit. The results at higher resolution are discussed using QCD evolution, and compared to their asymptotic limits and some lattice results.
Borrowing the structures of the hydrogen atom, molecular ion, and diatomic molecule, we predict the nature of a new type of hydrogenlike charm-pion or charm-kaon matter that could be obtained by replacing the proton and electron in hydrogen matter with a charmed meson and a pion or a kaon, respectively. We find that the spectra of the atom, molecular ion, and diatomic molecule can be obtained simultaneously with the Coulomb potential for the hydrogen, the charm-pion, and the charm-kaon systems. The predicted charm-pion matter also allows us to explore the mass shift mediated by the strong inte…
The structure of hadrons is described well by the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model, which is a chiral effective quark theory of QCD. In this work we explore the electromagnetic structure of the pion and kaon using the three-flavor NJL model, including effects of confinement and a pion cloud at the quark level. In the calculation there is only one free parameter, which we take as the dressed light quark ($u$ and $d$) mass. In the regime where the dressed light quark mass is approximately $0.25\,$GeV, we find that the calculated values of the kaon decay constant, current quark masses, and quark c…
We calculate the one-loop contributions to the difference Δ_{πK} between the isoscalar on-shell pion-kaon scattering amplitude at the Cheng-Dashen point and the scalar form factor Γ_K (2M_π^2) in the framework of three flavor chiral perturbation theory. These corrections turn out to be small. This is further sharpened by treating the kaons as heavy fields (two flavor chiral perturbation theory). We also analyze the two-loop corrections to the kaon scalar form factor based on a dispersive technique. We find that these corrections are smaller than in the comparable case of the scalar form factor…
We study the contribution of the strong interaction between the two pions in S- and P-waves to the weak B --> pion pion kaon decay amplitudes. The interference between these two waves is analyzed in the pion-pion effective mass range of the rho(770) and f0(980) resonances. We use a unitary pion-pion and antikaon-kaon coupled-channel model to describe the S-wave interactions and a Breit-Wigner function for the P-wave amplitude. The weak B-decay amplitudes, obtained from QCD factorization, are supplemented with charming penguin contributions in both waves. The four complex parameters of these lo…
After discussing some hints for possible masses of quasiparticles in quark matter on the basis of lattice equation of state, we present pion and kaon transverse spectra obtained by recombining quarks with distributed mass and thermal cut power-law momenta as well as fragmenting by NLO pQCD with intrinsic $k_T$ {and nuclear} broadening.
We use the Cottingham method to calculate the pion and kaon electromagnetic mass differences with as few model dependent inputs as possible. The constraints of chiral symmetry at low energy, QCD at high energy and experimental data in between are used in the dispersion relation. We find excellent agreement with experiment for the pion mass difference. The kaon mass difference exhibits a strong violation of the lowest order prediction of Dashen's theorem, in qualitative agreement with several other recent calculations.
We investigate the leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitudes for the pion and kaon based on the gauge-invariant nonlocal chiral quark model from the instanton vacuum in the presence of external axial-vector currents. We find that the nonlocal contribution from the gauge invariance has much effects on the pion distribution amplitudes, while it changes mildly the kaon ones. We also study the Gegenbauer moments of the distribution amplitudes and compare them with the empirical analysis of the CLEO data.
We investigate the leading-twist light-cone distribution amplitudes for the pion and kaon, based on the nonlocal chiral quark model from the instanton vacuum. Effects of explicit flavor SU(3)-symmetry breaking are taken into account. The Gegenbauer moments are computed, analyzed and compared with those of other models. The one-loop QCD evolution of the moments is briefly discussed. The transverse momentum distributions are also discussed for the pion and kaon light-cone wave functions.
We report the results of the working group on ``Pion (Kaon) and Sigma Polarizabilities''. Interesting possibilities to measure these polarizabilities include the radiative pion photoproduction in the MAMI experiment at Mainz, as well as at the GRAAL facility (actually the latter is being considered for an experimental determination of the pion polarizabilities here for the first time), the experimental plans on Primakoff effect at FNAL, and the measurements at the Frascati $Φ$-factory DA$Φ$NE.
Different hadron transverse momentum spectra are calculated in a non-extensive statistical, quark-coalescence model. For the low-pT part a gluonic string contribution is conjectured, its length distribution and fractality are fitted to RHIC data.
Within the three-flavor PNJL and EPNJL chiral quark models we have obtained pseudoscalar meson properties in quark matter at finite temperature $T$ and baryochemical potential $μ_B$. We compare the meson pole (Breit-Wigner) approximation with the Beth-Uhlenbeck (BU) approach that takes into account the continuum of quark-antiquark scattering states when determining the partial densities of pions and kaons. We evaluate the kaon-to-pion ratios along the (pseudo-)critical line in the $T-μ_B$ plane as a proxy for the chemical freezeout line, whereby the variable $x=T/μ_B$ is introduced that corres…
We study inelastic meson-meson scattering that is governed by quark-antiquark annihilation and creation involving a quark and an antiquark annihilating into a gluon, and subsequently the gluon creating another quark-antiquark pair. The resultant hadronic reactions include for I=1: pion + pion to rho + rho, kaon + antikaon to kaon* + antikaon*, kaon + antikaon* to kaon* + antikaon*, kaon* + antikaon to kaon* + antikaon*, as well as pion + pion to kaon + antikaon, pion + rho to kaon + antikaon*, pion + rho to kaon* + antikaon, and kaon + antikaon to rho + rho. In each reaction, one or two Feynma…
We make use of recent accurate results obtained for the pion and kaon vector form factors within a chiral unitary approach in order to calculate the decay widths of the $τ$ lepton to these mesons and also to evaluate the contribution of this two mesons to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, the running of the fine structure constant and the muonium hyperfine splitting.
Experiments at high luminosity electron-positron colliders allow to study the kaon and the pion form factors in the time-like region up to high energies. Also the kaon and the pion pair production at and around the narrow resonances J/psi and psi(2S) can be investigated, with the interference between electromagnetic and hadronic amplitudes as one of the most interesting phenomenas. Parameterisations of charged and neutral kaon as well as pion form factors, which lead to an improved description of the data in the region of large invariant masses of the meson pair, are presented. They are implem…
Based on our analysis of the contributions from the connected and disconnected contraction diagrams to the pion-kaon scattering amplitude, we provide the first determination of the only free low-energy constant at $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$, known as $L_0^r$, in SU$(4|1)$ Partially-Quenched Chiral Perturbation Theory using the data from the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration, $L_0^r(μ=M_ρ) = 0.77(20)(25)(7)(7)(2)\cdot 10^{-3}$. The theory uncertainties originate from the unphysical scattering length, the physical low-energy constants, the higher-oder chiral corrections, the (lattice) meson masses and…
The pion and kaon electromagnetic form factors $F_M(Q^2)$ are calculated at the leading order of pQCD using the running coupling constant method. In calculations the leading and next-to-leading order terms in $α_S((1-x)(1-y)Q^2)$ expansion in terms of $α_S(Q^2)$ are taken into account. The resummed expression for $F_M(Q^2)$ is found. Results of numerical calculations for the pion (asymptotic distribution amplitude) are presented.
