Learning to learn plays a pivotal role in meta-learning (MTL) to obtain an optimal learning model. In this paper, we investigate mage recognition for unseen categories of a given dataset with limited training information. We deploy a zero-shot learning (ZSL) algorithm to achieve this goal. We also explore the effect of parameter tuning on performance of semantic auto-encoder (SAE). We further address the parameter tuning problem for meta-learning, especially focusing on zero-shot learning. By combining different embedded parameters, we improved the accuracy of tuned-SAE. Advantages and disadvantages of parameter tuning and its application in image classification are also explored.
Few-Shot Learning is the challenge of training a model with only a small amount of data. Many solutions to this problem use meta-learning algorithms, i.e. algorithms that learn to learn. By sampling few-shot tasks from a larger dataset, we can teach these algorithms to solve new, unseen tasks. This document reports my work on meta-learning algorithms for Few-Shot Computer Vision. This work was done during my internship at Sicara, a French company building image recognition solutions for businesses. It contains: 1. an extensive review of the state-of-the-art in few-shot computer vision; 2. a be…
Unleashing the Power of Meta-tuning for Few-shot Generalization Through Sparse Interpolated Experts
City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学）；Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院）；University of Oxford（牛津大学）；Harvard University（哈佛大学）；Nanyang Technological University（南洋理工大学）
In this paper, we tackle the new Cross-Domain Few-Shot Learning benchmark proposed by the CVPR 2020 Challenge. To this end, we build upon state-of-the-art methods in domain adaptation and few-shot learning to create a system that can be trained to perform both tasks. Inspired by the need to create models designed to be fine-tuned, we explore the integration of transfer-learning (fine-tuning) with meta-learning algorithms, to train a network that has specific layers that are designed to be adapted at a later fine-tuning stage. To do so, we modify the episodic training process to include a first…
MetaLR: Meta-tuning of Learning Rates for Transfer Learning in Medical Imaging
The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen)（香港中文大学（深圳））；Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data（深圳大数据研究院）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)（香港科技大学（广州））；Fudan University（复旦大学）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学）
Bosch Center for AI（博世人工智能中心）；University of Tübingen（蒂宾根大学）；University of Mannheim（曼海姆大学）；Max Planck Institute for Informatics（马克斯·普朗克信息学研究所）；Bosch Center for Artificial Intelligence（博世人工智能中心）
Pohang University of Science and Technology（浦项科技大学）
Deep learning compiler frameworks are gaining ground as a more portable back-end for deep learning applications on increasingly diverse hardware. However, they face the daunting challenge of matching performance offered by hand-tuned target-specific libraries. While auto-tuning frameworks with statistical cost models can provide dynamic and efficient code optimization, they suffer from large space exploration and cost model training overheads. This paper proposes MetaTune, a meta-learning based cost model that more quickly and accurately predicts the performance of optimized codes with pre-tra…
Federal Technology University（联邦技术大学）；University of São Paulo（圣保罗大学）；Universidade Estadual Paulista（保利斯塔州立大学）；Eindhoven University of Technology（埃因霍温理工大学）
For many machine learning algorithms, predictive performance is critically affected by the hyperparameter values used to train them. However, tuning these hyperparameters can come at a high computational cost, especially on larger datasets, while the tuned settings do not always significantly outperform the default values. This paper proposes a recommender system based on meta-learning to identify exactly when it is better to use default values and when to tune hyperparameters for each new dataset. Besides, an in-depth analysis is performed to understand what they take into account for their d…
Biased regularization and fine-tuning are two recent meta-learning approaches. They have been shown to be effective to tackle distributions of tasks, in which the tasks' target vectors are all close to a common meta-parameter vector. However, these methods may perform poorly on heterogeneous environments of tasks, where the complexity of the tasks' distribution cannot be captured by a single meta-parameter vector. We address this limitation by conditional meta-learning, inferring a conditioning function mapping task's side information into a meta-parameter vector that is appropriate for that t…
National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）；HeartVoice Medical Technology（心声医疗科技）；University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine（浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院）；Peking University（北京大学）；Institute of Medical Technology, Health Science Center of Peking University（北京大学医学部医学技术研究院）
Ventricular arrhythmias (VA) are the main causes of sudden cardiac death. Developing machine learning methods for detecting VA based on electrocardiograms (ECGs) can help save people's lives. However, developing such machine learning models for ECGs is challenging because of the following: 1) group-level diversity from different subjects and 2) individual-level diversity from different moments of a single subject. In this study, we aim to solve these problems in the pre-training and fine-tuning stages. For the pre-training stage, we propose a novel model agnostic meta-learning (MAML) with curr…
Representation learning has been widely studied in the context of meta-learning, enabling rapid learning of new tasks through shared representations. Recent works such as MAML have explored using fine-tuning-based metrics, which measure the ease by which fine-tuning can achieve good performance, as proxies for obtaining representations. We present a theoretical framework for analyzing representations derived from a MAML-like algorithm, assuming the available tasks use approximately the same underlying representation. We then provide risk bounds on the best predictor found by fine-tuning via gr…
Alibaba Group（阿里巴巴集团）；East China Normal University（华东师范大学）
Pre-trained neural language models bring significant improvement for various NLP tasks, by fine-tuning the models on task-specific training sets. During fine-tuning, the parameters are initialized from pre-trained models directly, which ignores how the learning process of similar NLP tasks in different domains is correlated and mutually reinforced. In this paper, we propose an effective learning procedure named Meta Fine-Tuning (MFT), served as a meta-learner to solve a group of similar NLP tasks for neural language models. Instead of simply multi-task training over all the datasets, MFT only …
We introduce here the idea of Meta-Learning for training EEG BCI decoders. Meta-Learning is a way of training machine learning systems so they learn to learn. We apply here meta-learning to a simple Deep Learning BCI architecture and compare it to transfer learning on the same architecture. Our Meta-learning strategy operates by finding optimal parameters for the BCI decoder so that it can quickly generalise between different users and recording sessions -- thereby also generalising to new users or new sessions quickly. We tested our algorithm on the Physionet EEG motor imagery dataset. Our ap…
Columbia University（哥伦比亚大学）；University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；AWS AI（AWS人工智能研究院）；New York University（纽约大学）
The goal of meta-learning is to learn to adapt to a new task with only a few labeled examples. To tackle this problem in NLP, we propose $\textit{in-context tuning}$, which recasts adaptation and prediction as a simple sequence prediction problem: to form the input sequence, we concatenate the task instruction, the labeled examples, and the target input to predict; to meta-train the model to learn from in-context examples, we fine-tune a pre-trained language model (LM) to predict the target label from the input sequences on a collection of tasks. We benchmark our method on two collections of t…
Pre-Training and Personalized Fine-Tuning via Over-the-Air Federated Meta-Learning: Convergence-Generalization Trade-Offs
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou)（香港科学与技术大学（广州））；Department of ECE, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科学与技术大学电子工程系）；Department of Engineering, King’s College London（伦敦国王学院工程系）
Mixup-Augmented Meta-Learning for Sample-Efficient Fine-Tuning of Protein Simulators
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；University of California, Los Angeles（加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校）；Peking University（北京大学）
South China Normal University（华南师范大学）；Guangdong University of Finance（广东金融学院）；Pazhou Lab（琶洲实验室）
Brain-computer interface (BCI) provides a direct communication pathway between human brain and external devices. Before a new subject could use BCI, a calibration procedure is usually required. Because the inter- and intra-subject variances are so large that the models trained by the existing subjects perform poorly on new subjects. Therefore, effective subject-transfer and calibration method is essential. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised meta learning (SSML) method for subject-transfer learning in BCIs. The proposed SSML learns a meta model with the existing subjects first, then fi…
Universitat de Barcelona（巴塞罗那大学）；Centre de Visió per Computador（计算机视觉中心）
We propose a meta-parameter free, off-the-shelf, simple and fast unsupervised feature learning algorithm, which exploits a new way of optimizing for sparsity. Experiments on STL-10 show that the method presents state-of-the-art performance and provides discriminative features that generalize well.
Misalignment between model predictions and intended usage can be detrimental for the deployment of computer vision models. The issue is exacerbated when the task involves complex structured outputs, as it becomes harder to design procedures which address this misalignment. In natural language processing, this is often addressed using reinforcement learning techniques that align models with a task reward. We adopt this approach and show its surprising effectiveness across multiple computer vision tasks, such as object detection, panoptic segmentation, colorization and image captioning. We belie…
MetaTPT: Meta Test-time Prompt Tuning for Vision-Language Models
UCAS-Terminus AI Lab, University of Chinese Academic of Sciences（中国科学院大学Terminus AI实验室，中国科学院大学）；AIM Lab, University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学AIM实验室）；Jarvis Research Center, Tencent Youtu Lab（腾讯优图实验室 Jarvis 研究中心）；Central Research Institue, United Imaging Healthcare Co., Ltd（联合影像医疗科技有限公司中央研究所）
Intelligent agents should have the ability to leverage knowledge from previously learned tasks in order to learn new ones quickly and efficiently. Meta-learning approaches have emerged as a popular solution to achieve this. However, meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) algorithms have thus far been restricted to simple environments with narrow task distributions. Moreover, the paradigm of pretraining followed by fine-tuning to adapt to new tasks has emerged as a simple yet effective solution in supervised and self-supervised learning. This calls into question the benefits of meta-learning app…
From Images to Decisions: Assistive Computer Vision for Non-Metallic Content Estimation in Scrap Metal
Department of Computer Science（计算机科学系）；ITMO University（ITMO大学）；ISP RAS（俄罗斯科学院信息与通信技术研究所）；AIRI（AIRI研究所）；Research Center of the Artificial Intelligence Institute（人工智能研究所研究中心）；Innopolis University（Innopolis大学）
