On the heat transfer across a vacuum gap mediated by Casimir force

Nonperturbative Casimir effects: Vacuum structure, Confinement, and Chiral Symmetry Breaking

The review of vacuum and matter restructuring in space-time with boundaries is presented. We consider phase properties of confining gauge theories and strongly interacting fermion systems. In particular, the chiral and deconfinement phase transitions properties in the presence of Casimir plates. We also discuss mass scale shifts in such systems and their possible dynamical and geometrical nature.

Macroscopic approach to the Casimir friction force

The general formula is derived for the vacuum friction force between two parallel perfectly flat planes bounding two material media separated by a vacuum gap and moving relative to each other with a constant velocity $\mathbf{v}$. The material media are described in the framework of macroscopic electrodynamics whereas the nonzero temperature and dissipation are taken into account by making use of the Kubo formulae from non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics. The formula obtained provides a rigorous basis for calculation of the vacuum friction force within the quantum field theory methods i…

Dynamical Casimir effect in a Josephson metamaterial

Vacuum modes confined into an electromagnetic cavity give rise to an attractive interaction between the opposite walls. When the distance between the walls is changed non-adiabatically, virtual vacuum modes are turned into real particles, i.e. photons are generated out of the vacuum. These effects are known as the static and dynamical Casimir effect, respectively. Here we demonstrate the dynamical Casimir effect using a Josephson metamaterial embedded in a microwave cavity at 5.4 GHz. We achieve the non-adiabatic change in the effective length of the cavity by flux-modulation of the SQUID-base…

真空扭矩无各向异性：介电磁体间的可切换Casimir扭矩

Vacuum Torque Without Anisotropy: Switchable Casimir Torque Between Altermagnets

研究通过二维介电磁体实现可切换Casimir扭矩，利用轴对称磁场诱导轴不对称Casimir能量，揭示时间反演对称性破缺对Casimir扭矩的调控作用。

源自量子表面响应的纳米尺度卡西米尔力软化

Nanoscale Casimir Force Softening Originated from Quantum Surface Responses

本文提出三维共形映射方法研究表面电子对纳米尺度卡西米尔力的影响，发现表面电子可因材料和晶面不同而增强或抑制该力，并揭示其机制为卡西米尔力软化。

Non-reciprocal energy transfer through the Casimir effect

A fundamental prediction of quantum mechanics is that there are random fluctuations everywhere in a vacuum because of the zero-point energy. Remarkably, quantum electromagnetic fluctuations can induce a measurable force between neutral objects, known as the Casimir effect, which has attracted broad interests. The Casimir effect can dominate the interaction between microstructures at small separations and has been utilized to realize nonlinear oscillation, quantum trapping, phonon transfer, and dissipation dilution. However, a non-reciprocal device based on quantum vacuum fluctuations remains a…

Vacuum induced phonon transfer between two solid dielectric materials: Illustrating the case of Casimir force coupling

The natural transition from the radiative regime to the conductive regime of heat transfer between two identical isotropic dielectric solid materials, is questioned by investigating the possibility of induced phonon transfer in vacuum. We describe the process in a general way assuming a certain phonon coupling mechanism between the two identical solids, then we particularly illustrate the case of coupling through Casimir force. We analyze how this mechanism of heat transfer compares and competes with the near field thermal radiation using a local model of the dielectric function. We show that …

Fermionic Casimir densities in toroidally compactified spacetimes with applications to nanotubes

Fermionic condensate and the vacuum expectation values of the energy-momentum tensor are investigated for a massive spinor fields in higher-dimensional spacetimes with an arbitrary number of toroidally compactified spatial dimensions. By using the Abel-Plana summation formula and the zeta function technique we present the vacuum expectation values in two different forms. Applications of the general formulae to cylindrical and toroidal carbon nanotubes are given. We show that the topological Casimir energy is positive for metallic cylindrical nanotubes and is negative for semiconducting ones. T…

Casimir (vacuum) energy in planar QED with strong coupling

The essentially non-perturbative vacuum polarization effects, caused by an extended external supercritical Coulomb source, are explored for a planar Dirac-Coulomb (DC) system with strong coupling (similar to graphene and graphene-based heterostructures). Taking account of results, obtained in \cite{partI2018} for the induced charge density $ρ_{VP}(\vec{r})$, in the present paper the evaluation of the Casimir (vacuum) energy $\mathcal{E}_{VP}$ is presented. The main result is that for a wide range of the system parameters in the overcritical region $\mathcal{E}_{VP}$ turns out to be a rapidly d…

Shielding vacuum fluctuations with graphene

The Casimir-Polder interaction of ground-state and excited atoms with graphene is investigated with the aim to establish whether graphene systems can be used as a shield for vacuum fluctuations of an underlying substrate. We calculate the zero-temperature Casimir-Polder potential from the reflection coefficients of graphene within the framework of the Dirac model. For both doped and undoped graphene we show limits at which graphene could be used effectively as a shield. Additional results are given for AB-stacked bilayer graphene.

轴子电动力学中的零卡西米尔力与新力的搜寻

Zero Casimir Force in Axion Electrodynamics and the Search for a New Force

该研究指出轴子电动力学中存在金属板零卡西米尔力的稳定构型，通过含类轴子效应的外尔半金属装置实现金属间零卡西米尔力，为搜寻微米尺度轻粒子介导的新力提供可能。

Nonperturbative Casimir Effects in Field Theories: aspects of confinement, dynamical mass generation and chiral symmetry breaking

The Casimir effect is a quantum phenomenon rooted in the fact that vacuum fluctuations of quantum fields are affected by the presence of physical objects and boundaries. Since the energy spectrum of the vacuum fluctuations depends on distances between (and geometries of) physical bodies, the quantum vacuum exerts a small but experimentally detectable force on neutral objects. Usually, the associated Casimir energy is calculated for free or weakly coupled quantum fields. We review recent studies of the Casimir effect in field-theoretical models which mimic features of non-perturbative QCD such …