引力动力学多尺度模拟的非侵入式分层耦合策略
Non-intrusive hierarchical coupling strategies for multi-scale simulations in gravitational dynamics
摘要：
分层代码耦合策略使得将单个数值求解器的结果组合成自洽的辛解成为可能。我们探讨的可能性，允许这样的耦合策略是非侵入性的。在这种情况下，底层的数值实现不受耦合本身的影响，但它的功能在接口中被继承。这种方法对于求解自引力系统在宽尺度范围内的运动方程是有效的。我们采用一个专用的积分器来解决问题的每个特定部分，并将结果组合成一个自洽的解决方案。特别是，我们探索的可能性相结合的一个或多个微观系统，嵌入在一个宏观系统的演变。这里提出的广义桥包括高阶耦合策略（从经典的2阶到10阶），但我们也演示了如何嵌套多个桥，以及如何在桥的时间步引入额外的过程来丰富物理，例如通过纳入耗散过程。这种增强允许在经典牛顿N体积分器中包括额外的过程，而不改变底层代码。这些额外的过程包括例如雅科夫斯基效应、动力学摩擦或相对论动力学。其中一些过程对所有粒子都起作用，而另一些过程仅适用于一个子集。所提出的方法是非侵入性的，在这个意义上，底层方法保持可操作，而无需更改代码（除了添加get和set函数以启用桥接操作符）。因此，基本积分器继续以其内部时间步长操作，并保持其局部优化和并行性。...被删节了
英文摘要：
Hierarchical code coupling strategies make it possible to combine the results of individual numerical solvers into a self-consistent symplectic solution. We explore the possibility of allowing such a coupling strategy to be non-intrusive. In that case, the underlying numerical implementation is not affected by the coupling itself, but its functionality is carried over in the interface. This method is efficient for solving the equations of motion for a self-gravitating system over a wide range of scales. We adopt a dedicated integrator for solving each particular part of the problem and combine the results to a self-consistent solution. In particular, we explore the possibilities of combining the evolution of one or more microscopic systems that are embedded in a macroscopic system. The here presented generalizations of Bridge include higher-order coupling strategies (from the classic 2nd order up to 10th-order), but we also demonstrate how multiple bridges can be nested and how additional processes can be introduced at the bridge time-step to enrich the physics, for example by incorporating dissipative processes. Such augmentation allows for including additional processes in a classic Newtonian N-body integrator without alterations to the underlying code. These additional processes include for example the Yarkovsky effect, dynamical friction or relativistic dynamics. Some of these processes operate on all particles whereas others apply only to a subset. The presented method is non-intrusive in the sense that the underlying methods remain operational without changes to the code (apart from adding the get- and set-functions to enable the bridge operator). As a result, the fundamental integrators continue to operate with their internal time step and preserve their local optimizations and parallelism. ... abridged ...
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