强透镜作用下原子系综的色散探测
Dispersive detection of atomic ensembles in the presence of strong lensing
摘要：
我们从实验和理论上研究了非共振光在稠密、空间均匀的超冷原子气体中的介质传播效应。专注于频率调制光谱作为原子的色散检测工具，我们观察到，折射率梯度折射率透镜提出的局部原子系综可以显着修改的色散信号的解释，即使是大探头失谐，由于集体色散响应的原子。我们确定薄和厚的原子透镜之间的区分标准，导致无论是衍射为主和透镜为主的制度，外出的探测光束。我们的结果与实验数据和近轴波动方程的解是一致的。我们的研究为超冷原子的色散、最小侵入光学探测和成像方案提供了重要的实用见解，并将在许多应用中选择最佳参数机制。
英文摘要：
We experimentally and theoretically investigate in-medium propagation effects of off-resonant light in dense, spatially homogeneous ultacold atomic gases. Focussing on frequency modulation spectroscopy as the dispersive detection tool of atoms, we observe that the refractive gradient-index lenses presented by localised atomic ensembles can significantly modify the interpretation of the dispersive signal even for large probe detuning, owing to the collective dispersive response of the atoms. We identify criteria for distinguishing between thin and thick atomic lenses, leading to either diffraction-dominated and lensing dominated regimes for the outgoing probe beams. Our findings are consistent with experimental data and solutions of paraxial wave equation for light propagation. Our study provides important practical insights for dispersive, minimally intrusive optical detection and imaging schemes of ultracold atoms and will be valuable for choosing optimal parameter regimes in numerous applications.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
