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arXiv 2002.10373cs.AI
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概率统计中噪声数据的符号学习与推理

Symbolic Learning and Reasoning with Noisy Data for Probabilistic Anchoring

KU Leuven(鲁汶大学);Örebro University(厄勒布鲁大学)

Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires, Nitesh Kumar, Andreas Persson, Amy Loutfi, Luc De Raedt

摘要:

机器人代理应该能够从子符号传感器数据中学习,同时能够推理对象并在符号层面上与人类进行通信。这就提出了如何克服符号和次符号人工智能之间的鸿沟的问题。我们提出了一个语义世界建模方法的基础上自底向上的对象锚定使用对象为中心的世界表示。感知锚定处理连续的感知传感器数据,并保持与符号表示的对应关系。我们扩展锚定的定义来处理多模态概率分布,我们将得到的符号锚定系统耦合到概率逻辑推理机进行推理。此外,我们使用统计关系学习,使锚定框架学习符号知识的形式的一组概率逻辑规则的世界从嘈杂和子符号传感器输入。所得到的框架,它结合了感知锚定和统计关系学习,是能够保持一个语义世界模型的所有对象,已被认为随着时间的推移,同时仍然利用逻辑规则的表达力,原因是不直接观察到的对象,通过感官输入数据的状态。为了验证我们的方法,我们证明,一方面,我们的系统执行概率推理多模态概率分布的能力,另一方面,从感知观察产生的锚定对象的概率逻辑规则的学习。学习的逻辑规则,随后,用于评估我们提出的概率锚定程序。我们展示了我们的系统中的设置,涉及对象的相互作用,对象遮挡出现,概率推理需要正确地锚定对象。

英文摘要:

Robotic agents should be able to learn from sub-symbolic sensor data, and at the same time, be able to reason about objects and communicate with humans on a symbolic level. This raises the question of how to overcome the gap between symbolic and sub-symbolic artificial intelligence. We propose a semantic world modeling approach based on bottom-up object anchoring using an object-centered representation of the world. Perceptual anchoring processes continuous perceptual sensor data and maintains a correspondence to a symbolic representation. We extend the definitions of anchoring to handle multi-modal probability distributions and we couple the resulting symbol anchoring system to a probabilistic logic reasoner for performing inference. Furthermore, we use statistical relational learning to enable the anchoring framework to learn symbolic knowledge in the form of a set of probabilistic logic rules of the world from noisy and sub-symbolic sensor input. The resulting framework, which combines perceptual anchoring and statistical relational learning, is able to maintain a semantic world model of all the objects that have been perceived over time, while still exploiting the expressiveness of logical rules to reason about the state of objects which are not directly observed through sensory input data. To validate our approach we demonstrate, on the one hand, the ability of our system to perform probabilistic reasoning over multi-modal probability distributions, and on the other hand, the learning of probabilistic logical rules from anchored objects produced by perceptual observations. The learned logical rules are, subsequently, used to assess our proposed probabilistic anchoring procedure. We demonstrate our system in a setting involving object interactions where object occlusions arise and where probabilistic inference is needed to correctly anchor objects.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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