Magnus主导粒子团簇、碰撞、钉扎与棘轮的动力学
Dynamics of Magnus Dominated Particle Clusters, Collisions, Pinning and Ratchets
AI总结：
研究Magnus力主导的排斥粒子团簇动力学，发现同号力形成稳定团簇或混沌，异号力形成平移偶极子，并揭示驱动解耦、钉扎脱钉、棘轮效应及活性物质行为。
摘要：
受近期在斯格明子与活性手性物质系统方面工作的启发，我们研究了排斥相互作用的点粒子对和小团簇在动力学由Magnus力主导的极限下的行为。我们发现具有相同Magnus力的粒子可以形成稳定的对、三体及更高阶团簇，或表现出混沌运动。对于具有相反Magnus力的粒子混合物，粒子对可以结合形成平移偶极子。在施加驱动下，具有相同Magnus力的粒子发生平移；然而，具有不同或相反Magnus力的粒子表现出依赖于驱动的解耦转变。当粒子与排斥性障碍物相互作用时，它们可以形成局域轨道，并在施加驱动下发生脱钉或解绕转变。我们研究了这些粒子与团簇或障碍物线的相互作用，发现粒子可以被捕获在环绕多个障碍物的轨道中。在交流驱动下，我们观察到一系列棘轮效应，包括棘轮反转，这些效应源于粒子与障碍物线相互作用时形成共度轨道。最后，在具有相同符号但混合Magnus力的粒子集合中，我们发现具有最大Magnus力的粒子局域化在团簇中心，而对于具有相反Magnus力的混合物，运动由瞬态局域对或团簇主导，其中平移对可被视为一种活性物质形式。
英文摘要：
Motivated by the recent work in skyrmions and active chiral matter systems, we examine pairs and small clusters of repulsively interacting point particles in the limit where the dynamics is dominated by the Magnus force. We find that particles with the same Magnus force can form stable pairs, triples and higher ordered clusters or exhibit chaotic motion. For mixtures of particles with opposite Magnus force, particle pairs can combine to form translating dipoles. Under an applied drive, particles with the same Magnus force translate; however, particles with different or opposite Magnus force exhibit a drive-dependent decoupling transition. When the particles interact with a repulsive obstacle, they can form localized orbits with depinning or unwinding transitions under an applied drive. We examine the interaction of these particles with clusters or lines of obstacles, and find that the particles can become trapped in orbits that encircle multiple obstacles. Under an ac drive, we observe a series of ratchet effects, including ratchet reversals, for particles interacting with a line of obstacles due to the formation of commensurate orbits. Finally, in assemblies of particles with mixed Magnus forces of the same sign, we find that the particles with the largest Magnus force become localized in the center of the cluster, while for mixtures with opposite Magnus forces, the motion is dominated by transient local pairs or clusters, where the translating pairs can be regarded as a form of active matter.
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