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arXiv 2002.08967astro-ph.HE
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RX J1301 .9+2747星系核的X射线准周期喷发

X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions from the galactic nucleus of RX J1301.9+2747

Margherita Giustini, Giovanni Miniutti, Richard D. Saxton

摘要:

继最近发现GSN 069星系核的X射线准周期喷发(QPE)之后,本文报道了在活动星系RX J1301.9+2747中对QPE的探测。QPE是X射线计数率相对于稳定的静态水平快速和周期性增加超过一个数量级。在2019年5月30日和31日进行的持续48 ks的XMM-牛顿观测期间,在RX J1301.9+2747的光变曲线中检测到三个持续约半小时的强QPE。与第二和第三(约13 ks)相比,前两个QPE被更长的重现时间(约20 ks)分开。这种模式与GSN 069 QPE的交替长短复发时间一致,尽管GSN 069中连续复发时间之间的差异显著较小。更长时间的X射线观察将更好地阐明RX J1301.9+2747中QPE的时间模式,并将允许与GSN 069进行详细比较。两个源中QPE的X射线光谱特性非常相似,QPE代表从相对较冷且可能以盘为主的状态快速转变为一种状态,其特征是类似于所谓的软X射线过剩的温暖发射,这是一种几乎普遍存在于无遮蔽的辐射效率高的活动星系的X射线光谱中的成分。先前在2000年和2009年对RX J1301.9+2747的X射线观测强烈表明,QPE至少在过去18.5年中一直存在。在GSN 069之后的第二个星系核中检测到QPE排除了两种情况下银河系源的污染,因此QPE应该被认为是与吸积超大质量黑洞相关的一种新的河外现象。

英文摘要:

Following the recent discovery of X-ray quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs) coming from the nucleus of the galaxy GSN 069, here we report on the detection of QPEs in the active galaxy named RX J1301.9+2747. QPEs are rapid and recurrent increases of the X-ray count-rate by more than one order of magnitude with respect to a stable quiescent level. During a XMM-Newton observation lasting 48 ks that was performed on 30 and 31 May 2019, three strong QPEs lasting about half an hour each were detected in the light curves of RX J1301.9+2747. The first two QPEs are separated by a longer recurrence time (about 20 ks) compared to the second and third (about 13 ks). This pattern is consistent with the alternating long-short recurrence times of the GSN 069 QPEs, although the difference between the consecutive recurrence times is significantly smaller in GSN 069. Longer X-ray observations will better clarify the temporal pattern of the QPEs in RX J1301.9+2747 and will allow a detailed comparison with GSN 069 to be performed. The X-ray spectral properties of QPEs in the two sources are remarkably similar, with QPEs representing fast transitions from a relatively cold and likely disk-dominated state to a state that is characterized by a warmer emission similar to the so-called soft X-ray excess, a component that is almost ubiquitously seen in the X-ray spectra of unobscured, radiatively efficient active galaxies. Previous X-ray observations of RX J1301.9+2747 in 2000 and 2009 strongly suggest that QPEs have been present for at least the past 18.5 years. The detection of QPEs from a second galactic nucleus after GSN 069 rules out contamination by a Galactic source in both cases, such that QPEs ought to be considered a novel extragalactic phenomenon associated with accreting supermassive black holes.

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